Dietary nitrate and presence of protozoa increase nitrate and nitrite reduction in the rumen of sheep
| العنوان: | Dietary nitrate and presence of protozoa increase nitrate and nitrite reduction in the rumen of sheep |
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| المؤلفون: | Katherine Anne Smith, Jonathon William Clay, John Nolan, Roger Hegarty, Ian Godwin, Maria Laura Villar |
| المصدر: | Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition. 104:1242-1255 |
| بيانات النشر: | Wiley, 2020. |
| سنة النشر: | 2020 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Rumen, animal structures, 040301 veterinary sciences, Nitrate reductase, Methemoglobin, 0403 veterinary science, chemistry.chemical_compound, Ammonia, Animal science, Food Animals, Nitrate, Animals, Nitrite, Nitrites, chemistry.chemical_classification, Nitrates, Sheep, 0402 animal and dairy science, Eukaryota, Fatty acid, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Animal Feed, 040201 dairy & animal science, Gastrointestinal Contents, Diet, chemistry, Dietary Supplements, Fermentation, Toxicity, Female, Animal Science and Zoology |
| الوصف: | Nitrate ( NO 3 - ) supplementation is an effective methane (CH4 ) mitigation strategy for ruminants but may produce nitrite ( NO 2 - ) toxicity. It has been reported that rumen protozoa have greater ability for NO 3 - and NO 2 - reduction than bacteria. It was hypothesised that the absence of ruminal protozoa in sheep may lead to higher NO 2 - accumulation in the rumen and a higher blood methaemoglobin (MetHb) concentration. An in vivo experiment was conducted with defaunated (DEF) and faunated (FAU) sheep supplemented with 1.8% NO 3 - in DM. The effects of rumen protozoa on concentrations of plasma and ruminal NO 3 - and NO 2 - , blood MetHb, ruminal volatile fatty acid (VFA) and ruminal ammonia (NH3 ) were investigated. Subsequently, two in vitro experiments were conducted to determine the contribution of protozoa to NO 3 - and NO 2 - reduction rates in DEF and FAU whole rumen digesta (WRD) and its liquid (LIQ) and solid (SOL) fractions, incubated alone (CON), with the addition of NO 3 - or with the addition of NO 2 - . The results from the in vivo experiment showed no differences in total VFA concentrations, although ruminal NH3 was greater (p NO 3 - , NO 2 - and plasma NO 2 - concentrations tended to increase (p NO 3 - reduction to NH3 was stimulated (p NO 3 - in both DEF and FAU relative to CON digesta. However, adding NO 3 - increased (p NO 2 - accumulation in the SOL fraction of DEF relative to both fractions of FAU digesta. Results observed in vivo and in vitro suggest that NO 3 - and NO 2 - are more rapidly metabolised in the presence of rumen protozoa. Defaunated sheep may have an increased risk of NO 2 - poisoning due to NO 2 - accumulation in the rumen. |
| تدمد: | 1439-0396 0931-2439 |
| URL الوصول: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::98acb2cc1574255184274cf9e9d581fa https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.13365 |
| حقوق: | CLOSED |
| رقم الأكسشن: | edsair.doi.dedup.....98acb2cc1574255184274cf9e9d581fa |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 14390396 09312439 |
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