Dietary intake and risk assessment of elements for 1- and 2-year-old children in the Netherlands
| العنوان: | Dietary intake and risk assessment of elements for 1- and 2-year-old children in the Netherlands |
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| المؤلفون: | P.E. Boon, A.M. Pustjens, J.D. te Biesebeek, G.M.H. Brust, J.J.M. Castenmiller |
| المصدر: | Food and Chemical Toxicology 161 (2022) Food and Chemical Toxicology, 161 |
| سنة النشر: | 2022 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Team Authenticity & Nutrients, Dietary intake, Team Inorganic Contaminants, Infant, The Netherlands, General Medicine, Toxicology, Elements, Diet Surveys, Risk Assessment, Trace Elements, Eating, Risk characterisation, Metals, Total diet study, Humans, Infant Food, Children, Food Analysis, Food Science, Netherlands |
| الوصف: | In 2017, a total diet study (TDS) was conducted in the Netherlands to determine the intake of elements by 1- and 2-year-old children. Concentrations of 47 elements were analysed and long-term dietary intake was calculated for 24 elements. The 95th percentile (P95) intake estimates were compared with a tolerable daily or weekly intake (TDI or TWI) or tolerable upper intake level (UL), or a margin of exposure (MOE) was calculated. The P95 intake of cadmium and zinc exceeded the TWI or UL, respectively, and the P95 intake of inorganic arsenic and lead resulted in low MOEs. Food subgroups contributing most to the intake were “potatoes” for cadmium, “milk and milk-based beverages” for zinc, “concentrated fruit juices” and “rice” for inorganic arsenic, and “candies” for lead. For inorganic mercury, it could not be established if the intake was (too) high. P95 intake estimates of the other elements for which a risk characterisation could be performed were below the health-based guidance values. It was noted that the P50 intake estimate of manganese was a factor of 3 higher than the adequate intake level. Due to the absence of a UL, it is not clear if this intake is of concern. |
| وصف الملف: | application/pdf |
| اللغة: | English |
| تدمد: | 0278-6915 |
| URL الوصول: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::99c9b611361f07a3da618b607e719d38 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2022.112810 |
| حقوق: | OPEN |
| رقم الأكسشن: | edsair.doi.dedup.....99c9b611361f07a3da618b607e719d38 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 02786915 |
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