Tinnitus: mechanisms, measures and sound treatments
| العنوان: | Tinnitus: mechanisms, measures and sound treatments |
|---|---|
| المؤلفون: | Pedro Cobo Parra |
| المصدر: | Loquens; Vol. 2 No. 2 (2015); e024 Loquens; Vol. 2 Núm. 2 (2015); e024 Loquens Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) |
| بيانات النشر: | Editorial CSIC, 2015. |
| سنة النشر: | 2015 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Auditory perception, sound therapies, Linguistics and Language, medicine.medical_specialty, Hearing loss, Population, Audiology, Stimulus (physiology), acúfenos, Speech and Hearing, Neuroplasticity, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, medicine, Auditory system, tinnitus, Hearing Loss, education, education.field_of_study, terapias sonoras, Communication, Pérdidas Auditivas, External source, medicine.anatomical_structure, medicine.symptom, Psychology, Tinnitus |
| الوصف: | Tinnitus is the auditory perception of sounds in the absence of any external source. Tinnitus that occurs every day for more than five minutes is reported by 10–15% of the population, and for 1 to 2% it is a handicap that interferes significantly with their quality of life (severe tinnitus). Despite the intensive research into therapeutic options, including surgery, pharmacotherapy, and electrical and acoustical stimulation, there is no approved treatment for tinnitus at present. Although the exact origin of tinnitus is still unknown, it seems to be the correlate of maladaptive attempts of the brain at reorganization due to distorted sensory input (brain plasticity). This theory is consistent with the fact that most tinnitus is associated with hearing loss. Acoustical therapies try to take advantage of this plasticity, stimulating properly the auditory system to produce tinnitus relief. Several sound therapies are reviewed in this paper, concluding that the so-called Enriched Acoustic Environment (namely a sequence of gammatones, each one with random frequency and amplitude matched to the hearing loss at this frequency) provides the most refined and selective stimulus for the tinnitus patient. Therefore, the hearing loss curve of the patient is needed to design this sound stimulus. El acúfeno consiste en la percepción de un sonido fantasma (un zumbido continuo dentro de la cabeza), sin una fuente externa que lo produzca. Para apreciar la importancia del tema hay que tener en cuenta que aproximadamente un 1-2 % de la población padece de acúfeno severo, y que a día de hoy no existe ninguna medicina que lo cure. Todavía no se conoce el origen exacto del acúfeno, aunque se supone que se produce por un mecanismo de compensación homeostático del sistema auditivo central ante una pérdida auditiva periférica (plasticidad cerebral). Las terapias acústicas pretenden revertir esta plasticidad cerebral estimulando el sistema auditivo con un sonido apropiado para reducir la molestia del acúfeno. En este artículo se revisan varias terapias acústicas y se concluye que la más apropiada consiste en una secuencia de tonos gamma de frecuencia aleatoria dentro de la banda de audio, con amplitud proporcional a su pérdida auditiva a esa frecuencia (un Ambiente Acústico Enriquecido). Por tanto, para su diseño se requiere la curva de pérdidas (HL) del paciente en cada uno de los oídos. |
| وصف الملف: | text/html; application/pdf; text/xml |
| تدمد: | 2386-2637 |
| DOI: | 10.3989/loquens.2015.v2.i2 |
| URL الوصول: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::a0a6cc2da8860ea60f34890cf7813331 https://doi.org/10.3989/loquens.2015.024 |
| حقوق: | OPEN |
| رقم الأكسشن: | edsair.doi.dedup.....a0a6cc2da8860ea60f34890cf7813331 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 23862637 |
|---|---|
| DOI: | 10.3989/loquens.2015.v2.i2 |