Between Western Europe and the Middle East: changing patterns of Turkish labour migration
| العنوان: | Between Western Europe and the Middle East: changing patterns of Turkish labour migration |
|---|---|
| المؤلفون: | Richard I. Lawless, Ian J. Seccombe |
| المصدر: | Revue europeenne des migrations internationales. 2(1) |
| سنة النشر: | 1986 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Employment, Economic growth, Asia, Turkey, Turkish, Economics, Population, Population Dynamics, Saudi Arabia, Developing country, Libya, Middle East, Africa, Northern, Asia, Western, Health Workforce, Human resources, education, Developing Countries, Demography, education.field_of_study, Geography, business.industry, Human migration, Developed Countries, General Medicine, Emigration and Immigration, Metropolitan area, language.human_language, Emigration, Europe, Africa, Iraq, language, Demographic economics, business |
| الوصف: | Between Western Europe and the Middle East : Changing patterns of Turkish Labour Migration. Ian J. SECCOMBE and Richard I. LAWLESS Since the closure of West European labour markets to new labour inflows from 1973, Turkey has pursued a policy of migrant worker re-direction based on the successful penetration of the Middle East construction market by Turkish contractors. The growth, organization and characteristics of these two phases in Turkish migration history are compared and contrasted. Particular emphasis is paid to the patterns of migrant worker origin and rates of emigration in the two periods. During the period 1961-73 the pattern of migration was dominated by the metropolitan and developed areas of Western Turkey. The re-direction of migration to Saudi Arabia, Libya and Iraq has been accompanied by a contraction and eastward shift in the main areas of migrant origins. Developments in the pattern of migrant worker origins are related to changes in the skill composition of the migrants and the mechanisms of the migration process. Opportunities for the employment of Turkish workers in the Arab world appear to have peaked and, although it has produced some short-term financial advantages, it has had little effect on Turkey's employment problems. Entre l'Europe Occidentale et le Moyen-Orient : les changements de la migration turque Ian J. SECCOMBE et Richard I. LAWLESS Depuis 1973, avec la fermeture des marchés européens du travail aux nouveaux flux de main-d'œuvre étrangère, la Turquie a poursuivi une politique de réorientation de ses migrants fondée sur la pénétration du marché de la construction au Moyen-Orient par les entreprises turques. La croissance, l'organisation et les caractéristiques de ces deux phases de l'histoire de la migration turque sont comparées et présentent de forts contrastes. En particulier, l'accent est mis sur les origines géographiques des migrants et sur les taux d'émigration pendant les deux phases. De 1961 à 1973, la carte des origines géographiques des migrants reflète la domination des grandes villes et des régions développées de la Turquie de l'Ouest. La réorientation des migrants vers l'Arabie Saoudite, la Libye et l'Irak, s'est accompagnée d'une réduction de l'espace migratoire et d'un déplacement vers l'Est. Cette évolution de la carte régionale des départs est en rapport avec les changements dans le niveau de qualifications des migrants turcs et avec les mécanismes du système migratoire. La demande pour la main-d'œuvre turque dans les pays arabes n 'est plus à son maximum. Bien que ce mouvement migratoire ait produit des avantages financiers à court terme, il n'a qu'un effet limité sur les problèmes de l'emploi en Turquie. Bati Avrupa ve Orta Doğu Arasinda : Türk Göçmen Işçilerinin Hareketlerindeki Değişiklikler. Ian J. SECCOMBE and Richard I. LAWLESS Bati Avrupa iş alanlarinin 1973 yilindan beri yeni işçilere kapanmasindan itibaren Türkiye göçmen işçilerini, Türk müteahhitlerinin Orta Doğu inşaat pazarlarina basariyle girmesi üzerine bu bölgelere yöneltme politikasi uygulanmağa başladi. Türk göçmen işçileri tarihindeki bu iki safhanin gelişmesi, organizasyonu ve özellikleri bu yazida karşilaştirilmaktadir. Her iki safhadaki göçmen işçilerin geldikleri bölgede ve göçme oranlari modelleri üzerinde özellikle durulmuştur. 1961-73 yillari arasindaki süre içinde göç modeli, Bati Türkiye şehirlerinin ve gelişmiş bölgelerinin hakimiyetini gösterir. Göçmen işçilerin daha sonra Suudi Arabistan'a, Libya'ya ve Irak'a yöneltilmesi yani sira işçilerin sayisinda bir azalma ve bu işçilerin daha ziyade doğu bölgelerinden geldikleri yerlerin ortaya koyduğu modeldeki gelişmeler, bu işçilerin becerisi kompozisyonunudaki değişmelerle ve göç sürecinin mekanizmalari ile ilişkilidir. Görünüşe göre Türk işçilerinin Arap aleminde istihdami zirviye varmiş olup kisa vadede bazi malî imkânlar sağlamaşsa da Türkiye 'nin işsizlik sorunlari üzerinde fazla bir etki yapmamiştir. Seccombe Ian J., Lawless Richard I. Between Western Europe and the Middle East : Changing patterns of Turkish Labour Migration. In: Revue européenne des migrations internationales, vol. 2, n°1, Septembre 1986. Méditerranée. pp. 37-58. |
| تدمد: | 0765-0752 |
| URL الوصول: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::a70a967ea562cfb9331193eea2bbe27e https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12268204 |
| حقوق: | OPEN |
| رقم الأكسشن: | edsair.doi.dedup.....a70a967ea562cfb9331193eea2bbe27e |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 07650752 |
|---|