A radio channel model for D2D communications blocked by single trees in forest environments
| العنوان: | A radio channel model for D2D communications blocked by single trees in forest environments |
|---|---|
| المؤلفون: | Francisco Falcone, Ana Vazquez Alejos, Mikel Celaya-Echarri, Erik Aguirre, Imanol Picallo, Peio Lopez-Iturri, Hicham Klaina, Alejandro Eguizábal, Leyre Azpilicueta |
| المساهمون: | Universidad Pública de Navarra. Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Electrónica y de Comunicación, Universidad Pública de Navarra / Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa. ISC - Institute of Smart Cities, Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa. Ingeniaritza Elektriko, Elektroniko eta Telekomunikazio Saila |
| المصدر: | Sensors, Vol 19, Iss 21, p 4606 (2019) Academica-e: Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Pública de Navarra Universidad Pública de Navarra Sensors Volume 19 Issue 21 Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Academica-e. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad Pública de Navarra instname |
| بيانات النشر: | MDPI, 2019. |
| سنة النشر: | 2019 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Internet of things, Computer science, 02 engineering and technology, computer.software_genre, lcsh:Chemical technology, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Article, Analytical Chemistry, Delay spread, Scattering, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Path loss, lcsh:TP1-1185, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Instrumentation, Radio channel model, Remote sensing, Ray launching, Vegetation, 010401 analytical chemistry, Device-to-device, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Tree (graph theory), Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Wireless sensor networks, 0104 chemical sciences, Simulation software, Log-distance, Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution, computer, Wireless sensor network, Multipath propagation, 5G |
| الوصف: | In this paper we consider the D2D (Device-to-Device) communication taking place between Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) elements operating in vegetation environments in order to achieve the radio channel characterization at 2.4 GHz, focusing on the radio links blocked by oak and pine trees modelled from specimens found in a real recreation area located within forest environments. In order to fit and validate a radio channel model for this type of scenarios, both measurements and simulations by means of an in-house developed 3D Ray Launching algorithm have been performed, offering as outcomes the path loss and multipath information of the scenarios under study for forest immersed isolated trees and non-isolated trees. The specific forests, composed of thick in-leaf trees, are called Orgi Forest and Chandebrito, located respectively in Navarre and Galicia, Spain. A geometrical and dielectric model of the trees were created and introduced in the simulation software. We concluded that the scattering produced by the tree can be divided into two zones with different dominant propagation mechanisms: an obstructed line of sight (OLoS) zone far from the tree fitting a log-distance model, and a diffraction zone around the edge of the tree. 2D planes of delay spread value are also presented which similarly reflects the proposed two-zone model. This research was funded by Xunta de Galicia under grant ED431C-2019/26, Spanish Government under grant TEC2017-85529-C03-3R, AtlantTIC Research Center and project RTI2018-095499-B-C31, Funded by Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Gobierno de España (MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE). |
| وصف الملف: | application/pdf; application/zip |
| اللغة: | English |
| URL الوصول: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::ab1eb661ede255ef5c11916fb9026ba2 https://hdl.handle.net/2454/36917 |
| حقوق: | OPEN |
| رقم الأكسشن: | edsair.doi.dedup.....ab1eb661ede255ef5c11916fb9026ba2 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| الوصف غير متاح. |