Clamp-On Measurements of Fluid Flow in Small-Diameter Metal Pipes Using Ultrasonic Guided Waves
| العنوان: | Clamp-On Measurements of Fluid Flow in Small-Diameter Metal Pipes Using Ultrasonic Guided Waves |
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| المؤلفون: | Matthew J. Baker, Steve Dixon, Luke D. Smith, Zhichao Li, Xhorxh Bushi |
| المصدر: | IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement. 70:1-3 |
| بيانات النشر: | Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2021. |
| سنة النشر: | 2021 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Small diameter, Materials science, Water flow, TK, Acoustics, education, Volumetric flow rate, Clamp, Transducer, TA, Fluid dynamics, Ultrasonic sensor, Metering mode, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Instrumentation, QC |
| الوصف: | Clamp-on ultrasonic transit time difference is used extensively to calculate the volumetric flow rate of a fluid through a pipe. The operating principle is that waves traveling along a path that is generally against the flow direction take longer to travel the same path than waves traveling along the same path in the opposite direction. The transit time difference between the waves traveling in opposite directions can be used to calculate the flow rate through the pipe, by applying suitable mathematical correction factors. The approach is non-disruptive and noninvasive and can be retrospectively fit to pipes and easily relocated to different positions. When ultrasonic clamp-on transducers are attached to pipes with diameters of less than 30 mm and a wall thickness of less than a few millimeters, the resulting guided waves can appear confusing and produce very different signals to those observed on larger diameter pipes. The experimentally observed behavior of these guided waves in fluid-filled, small-diameter pipes is analyzed, modeled, and explained. Experiments are performed in copper pipes of sizes that are commonly used in buildings, and accurate measurements of water flow rates are taken down to a few milliliters per second. This technique presents new possibilities for smart metering of water supplies, where the positioning of the small clamp-on transducers is not sensitive to the variations in water temperature, and low-power electronics can be used. |
| وصف الملف: | application/pdf |
| تدمد: | 1557-9662 0018-9456 |
| URL الوصول: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::b283dbd1b259dda8a2906f506f1175c2 https://doi.org/10.1109/tim.2021.3120142 |
| حقوق: | OPEN |
| رقم الأكسشن: | edsair.doi.dedup.....b283dbd1b259dda8a2906f506f1175c2 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 15579662 00189456 |
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