Pan-Arctic surface ozone: modelling vs. measurements
| العنوان: | Pan-Arctic surface ozone: modelling vs. measurements |
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| المؤلفون: | Mika Vestenius, Sara Morris, Xiaoyi Zhao, Kimberly Strong, Irina Petropavlovskikh, Taneil Uttal, Xin Yang, Anne-M. Blechschmidt, Audra McClure-Begley, Andreas Richter, Kristof Bognar, Henrik Skov, David W. Tarasick |
| المصدر: | Yang, X, Blechschmidt, A M, Bognar, K, McClure-Begley, A, Morris, S, Petropavlovskikh, I, Richter, A, Skov, H, Strong, K, Tarasick, D W, Uttal, T, Vestenius, M & Zhao, X 2020, ' Pan-Arctic surface ozone : Modelling vs. measurements ', Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, vol. 20, no. 24, acp-20-15937-2020, pp. 15937-15967 . https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-15937-2020 Atmos. Chem. Phys. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol 20, Pp 15937-15967 (2020) |
| بيانات النشر: | Copernicus GmbH, 2020. |
| سنة النشر: | 2020 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Atmospheric Science, TROPOSPHERIC BRO COLUMNS, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, BROMINE EXPLOSION EVENT, SEA-SALT AEROSOL, 010501 environmental sciences, CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, lcsh:Chemistry, Atmosphere, Troposphere, DRY DEPOSITION, DEPLETION EPISODES, Sea ice, PART 1, Blowing snow, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, TROPICAL DEEP CONVECTION, ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY-LAYER, VERTICAL-DISTRIBUTION, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Differential optical absorption spectroscopy, Sea spray, Ozone depletion, lcsh:QC1-999, lcsh:QD1-999, Arctic, 13. Climate action, lcsh:Physics |
| الوصف: | Within the framework of the International Arctic Systems for Observing the Atmosphere (IASOA), we report a modelling-based study on surface ozone across the Arctic. We use surface ozone from six sites – Summit (Greenland), Pallas (Finland), Barrow (USA), Alert (Canada), Tiksi (Russia), and Villum Research Station (VRS) at Station Nord (North Greenland, Danish realm) – and ozone-sonde data from three Canadian sites: Resolute, Eureka, and Alert. Two global chemistry models – a global chemistry transport model (parallelised-Tropospheric Offline Model of Chemistry and Transport, p-TOMCAT) and a global chemistry climate model (United Kingdom Chemistry and Aerosol, UKCA) – are used for model data comparisons. Remotely sensed data of BrO from the GOME-2 satellite instrument and ground-based multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) at Eureka, Canada, are used for model validation. The observed climatology data show that spring surface ozone at coastal sites is heavily depleted, making ozone seasonality at Arctic coastal sites distinctly different from that at inland sites. Model simulations show that surface ozone can be greatly reduced by bromine chemistry. In April, bromine chemistry can cause a net ozone loss (monthly mean) of 10–20 ppbv, with almost half attributable to open-ocean-sourced bromine and the rest to sea-ice-sourced bromine. However, the open-ocean-sourced bromine, via sea spray bromide depletion, cannot by itself produce ozone depletion events (ODEs; defined as ozone volume mixing ratios, VMRs, < 10 ppbv). In contrast, sea-ice-sourced bromine, via sea salt aerosol (SSA) production from blowing snow, can produce ODEs even without bromine from sea spray, highlighting the importance of sea ice surface in polar boundary layer chemistry. Modelled total inorganic bromine (BrY) over the Arctic sea ice is sensitive to model configuration; e.g. under the same bromine loading, BrY in the Arctic spring boundary layer in the p-TOMCAT control run (i.e. with all bromine emissions) can be 2 times that in the UKCA control run. Despite the model differences, both model control runs can successfully reproduce large bromine explosion events (BEEs) and ODEs in polar spring. Model-integrated tropospheric-column BrO generally matches GOME-2 tropospheric columns within ∼ 50 % in UKCA and a factor of 2 in p-TOMCAT. The success of the models in reproducing both ODEs and BEEs in the Arctic indicates that the relevant parameterizations implemented in the models work reasonably well, which supports the proposed mechanism of SSA production and bromide release on sea ice. Given that sea ice is a large source of SSA and halogens, changes in sea ice type and extent in a warming climate will influence Arctic boundary layer chemistry, including the oxidation of atmospheric elemental mercury. Note that this work dose not necessary rule out other possibilities that may act as a source of reactive bromine from the sea ice zone. |
| وصف الملف: | application/pdf; text |
| تدمد: | 1680-7324 |
| URL الوصول: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::c170308131fa534336776fd37d24afb9 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-15937-2020 |
| حقوق: | OPEN |
| رقم الأكسشن: | edsair.doi.dedup.....c170308131fa534336776fd37d24afb9 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 16807324 |
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