Early Holocene crop cultivation and landscape modification in SW Amazonia
| العنوان: | Early Holocene crop cultivation and landscape modification in SW Amazonia |
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| المؤلفون: | Umberto Lombardo, Javier Ruiz-Pérez, José M. Capriles, Heinz Veit, José Iriarte, Lautaro Hilbert |
| المصدر: | Nature |
| سنة النشر: | 2020 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Crops, Agricultural, Bolivia, Conservation of Natural Resources, Manihot, Biodiversity, Geographic Mapping, 910 Geography & travel, Rural history, 580 Plants (Botany), Forests, Zea mays, Grassland, Article, Cucurbita, 550 Earth sciences & geology, Human Activities, Domestication, Holocene, History, Ancient, Multidisciplinary, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, Amazon rainforest, Starch, Before Present, Crop Production, Spatial heterogeneity, Geography, 980 History of South America, 570 Life sciences, biology |
| الوصف: | The onset of plant cultivation is one of the most important cultural transitions in human history1–4. Southwestern Amazonia has previously been proposed as an early centre of plant domestication, on the basis of molecular markers that show genetic similarities between domesticated plants and wild relatives4–6. However, the nature of the early human occupation of southwestern Amazonia, and the history of plant cultivation in this region, are poorly understood. Here we document the cultivation of squash (Cucurbita sp.) at about 10,250 calibrated years before present (cal. yr bp), manioc (Manihot sp.) at about 10,350 cal. yr bp and maize (Zea mays) at about 6,850 cal. yr bp, in the Llanos de Moxos (Bolivia). We show that, starting at around 10,850 cal. yr bp, inhabitants of this region began to create a landscape that ultimately comprised approximately 4,700 artificial forest islands within a treeless, seasonally flooded savannah. Our results confirm that the Llanos de Moxos is a hotspot for early plant cultivation and demonstrate that—ever since their arrival in Amazonia—humans have markedly altered the landscape, with lasting repercussions for habitat heterogeneity and species conservation. Archaeological evidence that anthropic landscape changes and crop cultivation in southwestern Amazonia began about 10,000–11,000 years ago confirms that the region is a centre of early plant domestication. |
| اللغة: | English |
| تدمد: | 1476-4687 0028-0836 |
| URL الوصول: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::c1ced9c48b4d0e42520b9f64a6126299 http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC7250647 |
| حقوق: | OPEN |
| رقم الأكسشن: | edsair.doi.dedup.....c1ced9c48b4d0e42520b9f64a6126299 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 14764687 00280836 |
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