ILC3 GM-CSF production and mobilisation orchestrate acute intestinal inflammation
| العنوان: | ILC3 GM-CSF production and mobilisation orchestrate acute intestinal inflammation |
|---|---|
| المؤلفون: | Fiona Powrie, Thibault Griseri, Holm H. Uhlig, Sim Tung, Claire Pearson, Emily E. Thornton, Nathaniel Richard West, Anna-Lena Schaupp, Nicky Huskens, Benedict Seddon, Brent S. McKenzie |
| المصدر: | eLife eLife, Vol 5 (2016) |
| بيانات النشر: | eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd, 2016. |
| سنة النشر: | 2016 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | 0301 basic medicine, Mouse, QH301-705.5, colitis, Science, Immunology, Population, innate lymphoid cells, Granulocyte, Biology, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, mucosal immunology, Immunity, medicine, Humans, Lymphocytes, Biology (General), Colitis, skin and connective tissue diseases, education, education.field_of_study, General Immunology and Microbiology, Effector, General Neuroscience, Innate lymphoid cell, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor, live imaging, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Immunity, Innate, 3. Good health, Intestines, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor, Mucosal immunology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, innate lymphoid cell, Interleukin-23 Subunit p19, Medicine, Research Article, Human, medicine.drug |
| الوصف: | Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) contribute to host defence and tissue repair but can induce immunopathology. Recent work has revealed tissue-specific roles for ILCs; however, the question of how a small population has large effects on immune homeostasis remains unclear. We identify two mechanisms that ILC3s utilise to exert their effects within intestinal tissue. ILC-driven colitis depends on production of granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), which recruits and maintains intestinal inflammatory monocytes. ILCs present in the intestine also enter and exit cryptopatches in a highly dynamic process. During colitis, ILC3s mobilize from cryptopatches, a process that can be inhibited by blocking GM-CSF, and mobilization precedes inflammatory foci elsewhere in the tissue. Together these data identify the IL-23R/GM-CSF axis within ILC3 as a key control point in the accumulation of innate effector cells in the intestine and in the spatio-temporal dynamics of ILCs in the intestinal inflammatory response. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.10066.001 eLife digest Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are diseases in which the body’s own immune system causes inflammation of the large intestine. These autoimmune diseases can be severely debilitating and difficult to treat. However an improved understanding of the factors that contribute to the intestinal inflammation may lead to new and effective treatments. Immune cells called innate lymphoid cells were discovered recently, and shown quickly to play a role in host defense, tissue repair and inflammation regulation. Several groups of innate lymphoid cells are now known; each group is characterized by the genes that control the cell’s development and the small proteins (called cytokines) that the cells release. One group of innate lymphoid cells, the ILC3s, are generally found in the intestinal tract, albeit in small numbers. Given that innate lymphoid cells are known to manage inflammatory responses, it is possible that ILC3s contribute to intestinal inflammation. However, it remains unclear how such a small population of cells could so dramatically inflame the gut. Pearson et al. now reveal two mechanisms that these innate lymphoid cells use to amplify the inflammatory response and exacerbate intestinal inflammation. First, in both mice and humans, ILC3s were found to be a key source of a cytokine called GM-CSF, which recruits additional immune cells that further promote intestinal inflammation. Secondly, while ILC3s were traditionally regarded as immobile immune cells, Pearson et al. discovered that these cells can move within the intestinal tissue and mobilize from their starting points within this tissue if they are activated. These two mechanisms could explain how ILC3s can trigger inflammation that occurs throughout the gut. The experiments suggest that blocking production of the GM-CSF cytokine or altering ILC3 movement or activity may help reduce intestinal inflammation. However, the use of GM-CSF blocking drugs to protect against colitis and similar conditions could be problematic, because GM-CSF also plays an important protective role in the intestines. Nevertheless, clinical trials are underway to investigate the use of anti-GM-CSF drugs to treat other inflammatory conditions (such as rheumatoid arthritis). These studies could offer insight into whether these drugs provide relief to trial participants who suffer from intestinal inflammation as well. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.10066.002 |
| تدمد: | 2050-084X |
| URL الوصول: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::c7ab18ad52d8bd31bf9725dd2e77e1ec https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.10066 |
| حقوق: | OPEN |
| رقم الأكسشن: | edsair.doi.dedup.....c7ab18ad52d8bd31bf9725dd2e77e1ec |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 2050084X |
|---|