From Infections to Anthropogenic Inflicted Pathologies: Involvement of Immune Balance
| العنوان: | From Infections to Anthropogenic Inflicted Pathologies: Involvement of Immune Balance |
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| المؤلفون: | David A. Lawrence, Florence Lee |
| المصدر: | Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B. 21:24-46 |
| بيانات النشر: | Informa UK Limited, 2017. |
| سنة النشر: | 2017 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | 0301 basic medicine, Social condition, Ecology, Extramural, Life style, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Immunity, Biology, Toxicology, Communicable Diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, Chronic disease, Immune system, Anthropocene, Chronic Disease, T cell subset, Humans, EPOCH (chemotherapy), Life Style |
| الوصف: | A temporal trend can be seen in recent human history where the dominant causes of death have shifted from infectious to chronic diseases in industrialized societies. Human influences in the current "Anthropocene" epoch are exponentially impacting the environment and consequentially health. Changing ecological niches are suggested to have created health transitions expressed as modifications of immune balance from infections inflicting pathologies in the Holocene epoch (12,000 years ago) to human behaviors inflicting pathologies beginning in the Anthropocene epoch (300 years ago). A review of human immune health and adaptations responding to environmental (biological, chemical, physical, and psychological) stresses, which are influenced by social conditions, emphasize the involvement of fluctuations in immune cell subsets affecting influential gene-environment interactions. The literature from a variety of fields (anthropological, immunological, and environmental) is incorporated to present an expanded perspective on shifts in diseases within the context of immune balance and function and environmental immunology. The influences between historical and contemporary human ecology are examined in relation to human immunity. Several examples of shifts in human physiology and immunity support the premise that increased incidences of chronic diseases are a consequence of human modification of environment and lifestyle. Although the development of better health care and a broader understanding of human health have helped with better life quality and expectancy, the transition of morbidity and mortality rates from infections to chronic diseases is a cause for concern. Combinations of environmental stressors/pollutants and human behaviors and conditions are modulating the immune-neuroendocrine network, which compromises health benefits. |
| تدمد: | 1521-6950 1093-7404 |
| URL الوصول: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::d70bdb0cfdaabf107317446a1054021c https://doi.org/10.1080/10937404.2017.1412212 |
| رقم الأكسشن: | edsair.doi.dedup.....d70bdb0cfdaabf107317446a1054021c |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
PDF full text from Publisher | تدمد: | 15216950 10937404 |
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