Soil Landscape Pattern Changes in Response to Rural Anthropogenic Activity across Tiaoxi Watershed, China
| العنوان: | Soil Landscape Pattern Changes in Response to Rural Anthropogenic Activity across Tiaoxi Watershed, China |
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| المؤلفون: | Jiaping Wu, Xufeng Fei, Rui Xiao, Diwei Jiang, George Christakos |
| المصدر: | PLoS ONE, Vol 11, Iss 11, p e0166224 (2016) PLoS ONE |
| بيانات النشر: | Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2016. |
| سنة النشر: | 2016 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Rural Population, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Environmental change, Population Dynamics, lcsh:Medicine, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Geographical Locations, Soil, Diversity index, Agricultural Soil Science, Geoinformatics, lcsh:Science, Geographic Areas, Multidisciplinary, Ecology, Geography, Agroforestry, Soil chemistry, Agriculture, Shannon Index, Agricultural soil science, Algorithms, Research Article, Urban Areas, Environmental Monitoring, China, Computer and Information Sciences, Conservation of Natural Resources, Asia, Watershed, Ecological Metrics, Soil Science, Rivers, Surface Water, Urbanization, Humans, Ecosystem, Urban Ecology, Rural settlement, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Population Density, Spatial Analysis, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, lcsh:R, Biology and Life Sciences, Species Diversity, Models, Theoretical, Rural Areas, People and Places, Earth Sciences, lcsh:Q, Physical geography, Hydrology, Water Pollutants, Chemical |
| الوصف: | Soil sealing (loss of soil resources due to extensive land covering for the purpose of house building, road construction etc.) and subsequent soil landscape pattern changes constitute typical environmental problems in many places worldwide. Previous studies concentrated on soil sealing in urbanized regions, whereas rural areas have not been given sufficient attention. Accordingly, this paper studies soil landscape pattern dynamics (i.e., landscape pattern changes in response to rural anthropogenic activities) in the Tiaoxi watershed (Zhejiang province, eastern China), in which surface sealing is by far the predominant component of human forcing with respect to environmental change. A novel approach of quantifying the impacts of rural anthropogenic activities on soil resources is presented. Specifically, quantitative relationships were derived between five soil landscape pattern metrics (patch density, edge density, shape index, Shannon's diversity index and aggregation index) and three rural anthropogenic activity indicators (anthropogenic activity intensity, distance to towns, and distance to roads) at two landscape block scales (3 and 5 km) between 1985 and 2010. The results showed that the Tiaoxi watershed experienced extensive rural settlement expansion and high rates of soil sealing. Soil landscapes became more fragmented, more irregular, more isolated, and less diverse. Relationships between soil landscape pattern changes and rural anthropogenic activities differed with the scale (spatial and temporal) and variable considered. In particular, the anthropogenic activity intensity was found to be the most important indicator explaining social development intensity, whereas the other two proximity indicators had a significant impact at certain temporal interval. In combination with scale effects, spatial dependency (correlation) was shown to play a key role that should be carefully taken into consideration in any relevant environmental study. Overall, the findings of this work suggest that soil sealing can be a critical human forcing issue with considerable consequences deserving serious attention by the experts, the public and the government alike. |
| اللغة: | English |
| تدمد: | 1932-6203 |
| URL الوصول: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::e0001702c5c478cb55ecb36bb70b4335 http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5104454?pdf=render |
| حقوق: | OPEN |
| رقم الأكسشن: | edsair.doi.dedup.....e0001702c5c478cb55ecb36bb70b4335 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 19326203 |
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