Psychological readiness to return to sport (RTS) after injury is a critical and timely area of research that has received significant research attention of late. Although research on psychological readiness to RTS has bourgeoned in recent years, there remains a lack of conceptual clarity on what psychological readiness is. As such, our aims in this state-of the art review (Grant & Booth, 2009) are threefold. First, we articulate key conceptual issues and questions regarding the nature of psychological readiness and offer a preliminary nomothetic definition of the construct. Based on the definition, we advance several hypotheses for testing in future research. Second, we discuss research examining correlates of psychological readiness and third, we look at empirical work focused on outcomes of psychological readiness. Our review draws upon literature spanning various disciplines and cultures/languages.