Associations between fetal testosterone and pro-social tendencies, anxiety and autistic symptoms in Williams syndrome: a preliminary study
| العنوان: | Associations between fetal testosterone and pro-social tendencies, anxiety and autistic symptoms in Williams syndrome: a preliminary study |
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| المؤلفون: | Ana Alexandra Caldas Osório, Paulo S. Boggio, Adriana Sampaio, Elizeu Coutinho de Macedo, Rachel Sayuri Honjo, Chong Ae Kim, Maria Cristina Triguero Veloz Teixeira, Gabriela Carneiro Martins, Julia Horta Tabosa do Egito, Ana Mesquita |
| المساهمون: | Universidade do Minho |
| المصدر: | Int J Dev Disabil Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP) instacron:RCAAP |
| سنة النشر: | 2021 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Hypersociability, 030506 rehabilitation, 2D:4D, media_common.quotation_subject, Williams syndrome, fetal testosterone, Social Sciences, Empathy, Social identity approach, ASD, Developmental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, Developmental and Educational Psychology, medicine, Psicologia [Ciências Sociais], 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, affective empathy, 10. No inequality, 4D, Depression (differential diagnoses), 2D, media_common, Science & Technology, 05 social sciences, medicine.disease, anxiety, Original Research Paper, Psychiatry and Mental health, Prosocial behavior, Ciências Sociais::Psicologia, cognitive empathy, Anxiety, Autism, medicine.symptom, 4D [2D], 0305 other medical science, Psychology, hypersociability, 050104 developmental & child psychology |
| الوصف: | Objective: Fetal testosterone (fT) has organizational effects on the developing human nervous system and can be reliably estimated by the ratio between the length of the second and fourth digits — 2D:4D. Previous studies reported altered patterns of fT in some developmental disabilities (e.g. ASD) relative to typically developing individuals (TD). Williams syndrome (WS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by exacerbated empathy and social approach and heightened anxiety. Recent reports also highlight the co-occurrence of significant levels of autistic symptoms. Despite constituting an interesting model to study androgenic contributions to social behavior, no studies have sought to explore fT in WS. The main aims of this preliminary study were two-fold: (a) to compare 2D:4D in WS and TD; (b) to analyze the pattern of associations between 2D:4D and hypersociability, affective and cognitive empathy, anxiety and autistic symptoms in WS. Methods: 2D:4D were measured from digital scans of the ventral surface of the right hand. Hypersociability, empathy, anxiety and autistic symptoms were obtained from parental reports. Results: There were no significant differences in 2D:4D between WS than TD. In WS lower fT (higher 2D:4D) was significantly associated with hypersociability and affective empathy, as well as marginally associated with anxiety/depression scores. In contrast, cognitive empathy was marginally and negatively associated with 2D:4D, while levels of autistic symptoms were unrelated with this measure. Conclusion: Our results suggest that fT may be implicated in the emergence of several cardinal features of WS, namely hypersociability, affective empathy and anxiety, but not in ASD symptoms. This work was supported by CNPq — Brazilian Council for Technological and Scientific Development [grant number 487188/2013–6] and Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa - MackPesquisa [grant number 161001]. |
| وصف الملف: | application/pdf |
| تدمد: | 2047-3877 |
| URL الوصول: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::f85e86eb47586515b8a9c122ab873388 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34141327 |
| حقوق: | OPEN |
| رقم الأكسشن: | edsair.doi.dedup.....f85e86eb47586515b8a9c122ab873388 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
PDF full text from Publisher | تدمد: | 20473877 |
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