This thesis investigates the architectural responses to the Enlightenment in Britain during the second half of the eighteenth century and, in particular on the profound interrelation between the empirical ideas of the Enlightenment and the development of contemporary British architecture. The focus is on Robert and James Adam, whose works in architecture and theory consistently reflected the intellectual development of their age. This thesis will propose a new interpretation of the Adam brothers as revolutionary students and masters of Enlightenment ideas in the field of architecture.