| الوصف: |
Diplomska naloga govori o bizantinski državljanski vojni, ki je potekala med leti 1341 in 1347. Povod za državljansko vojno je bilo vprašanje, kdo bo izvajal regenstvo nad mladoletnim cesarjem Ivanom V. Paleologom. Zmagovalec v vojni, Ivan Kantakuzen, se je odločil za sovladanje z Ivanom V. Paleologom oziroma se je imel le za skrbnika. Njegovi načrti obnove države so na začetku temeljili predvsem na osamosvojitvi države pri trgovini, da se ne bi več opirala na Benetke in Genovo. Politika in teologija sta bili v državi povezani. Vzporedno sta obe strani v svoj spor vpletali druge tematike, da sta si tako pridobivali podpornike. Zato je bilo vprašanje hesihazma tudi tako žgoče, saj sta ga obe strani izrabili za pridobivanje podpornikov. Z zmago Kantakuzena je prišlo tudi do sprejetja hesihastičnih načel. Regentstvo se je večinoma opiralo na srednji in nižji sloj, ki so ga v tem času sestavljali trgovci, mornarji in navadni ljudje. Iz tega je tudi sledila problematika Zelotov v Solunu, saj so stranko sestavljali izključno nižji in srednji sloji, ki so bili sovražni Kantakuzenu. Hkrati se Zeloti niso hoteli popolnoma podrediti oblasti v Konstantinoplu. This thesis is about the Byzantine civil war of 1341–1347. Conflict broke out over the question of the guardianship and regency over John V Palaiologos. The winner was John Kantakouzenos, who decided to rule with emperor John V Palaiologos and saw himself only as a guardian. Kantakouzenos's plans to restore the Empire were based on his wish to liberate the country of its dependency on Venice and Genoa for trade and goods. Politics and theology were connected in the Empire. Both sides tried to connect different problems to the civil war, because they needed supporters. This is the reason the question of hesychasm was so important. The hesychast principles were accepted with the Kantakouzenos's victory. Regency got its support mainly from the middle and the lower classes, which consisted from traders, sailors, and common people. From this stems the problem of the Zealots in Thessalonica. Party of Zealots was made up from lower and middle classes of citizens in Thessalonica. At the same time the Zealots didn't want to obey orders from Constantinople. |
