| الوصف: |
Glavni cilj ove meta-analize je bio sustavnim pregledom dosadašnjih istraživanja odrediti koje motoričke sposobnosti najviše djeluju na uspješnost u istraživanim sportovima (odbojka, košarka, nogomet, rukomet, hrvanje, judo, ples i tenis.). Drugi cilj je bio odrediti testove motoričkih sposobnosti koji su najpouzdaniji i najčešće korišteni za procjenu motoričkih sposobnost u svim uključenim radovima. Zadnji cilj bio je usporedbom dobivenih rezultata odrediti motoričke sposobnosti koje doprinose uspjehu u svim sportovima općenito uključenim u ovu meta-analizu. Uključeni su samo radovi u kojima se ispituju motoričke sposobnosti te imaju jasno i konkretno navedene testove za procjenu motoričkih sposobnosti. Ispitanici pripadaju skupinama rekreativnih ili vrhunskih sportaša te treniranih ili rekreativno aktivnih mladih i zdravih studenata. Radovi su bili isključeni ako je broj ispitanika bio manji od 10 , ako se u njima nisu ispitivali elitni sportaši te ako je uzorak ispitanika bio mlađi od 18 godina (iznimka su radovi iz odbojke i košarke). Studije su morale biti objavljene na hrvatskom i engleskom jeziku nakon 2012. godine. Ispitivanja su provedena na ukupnom broju od 92 651 ispitanika (odbojka 743, hrvanje 772, judo 140, nogomet 82 903, košarka 7712, rukomet 243, ples 78, tenis 60) čiji raspon dobi je od 12 do 35 godina. Kod procjene metodološke kvalitete studija uključenih u meta analizu korištena je MIXED METHOD ASSESSMENT TOOL (MMAT), verzija 2018. Ukupno je uključeno 37 radova. Utvrđeno je kako je eksplozivna snaga donjih ekstremiteta motorička sposobnost u kojoj se elitni sportaši najviše razlikuju od ne elitnih sportaša. Određen je najzastupljeniji i najpouzdaniji test za procjenu motoričkih sposobnosti i to je skok u dalj s mjesta za procjenu eksplozivne snage tipa skočnosti. Ograničenja rada su bila: pristup podacima, nereprezentativan i neuravnotežen uzorak, ne mogućnost primjene kompletne statističke analize. Kako bi se mogla napraviti potpuna statistička analiza manjkao je potpuni pristupi bazama podataka od svakoga uključenoga rada. The main aim of this meta-analysis was to systematically review previous research to determine which motor abilities have the greatest impact on success in the investigated sports (Volleyball, Basketball, Soccer, Handball, Wrestling, Judo, Dance, and Tennis). The second aim was to determine the most reliable and commonly used motor ability tests for assessing motor abilities in all included studies. The last aim was to compare the results obtained to determine the motor abilities that contribute to success in all sports generally included in this meta-analysis. Only studies that examine motor abilities and have clearly and specifically stated tests for assessing motor abilities were included. Participants belonged to groups of recreational or elite athletes, as well as trained or recreationally active young and healthy students. Studies were excluded if the number of participants was less than 10, if elite athletes were not tested, or if the sample was younger than 18 years old (with the exception of volleyball and basketball studies). The studies had to be published in Croatian and English after 2012. The investigations were carried out on a total of 92,651 participants (volleyball 743, wrestling 772, judo 140, soccer 82,903, basketball 7712, handball 243, dance 78, tennis 60), ranging in age from 12 to 35 years. The Mixed Method Assessment Tool (MMAT) version 2018 was used to assess the methodological quality of the studies included in the meta-analysis. It was found that explosive lower limb strength is the motor ability in which elite athletes differ the most from non-elite athletes. The most prevalent and reliable test for assessing motor abilities was determined to be the standing long jump for assessing explosive jump-type strength. The limitations of the work were: limited access to data, a non-representative and unbalanced sample, and the inability to conduct a complete statistical analysis. To conduct a complete statistical analysis, complete access to the databases of all those involved in the study was lacking. |
