Scalar nanostructure of the
| العنوان: | Scalar nanostructure of the |
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| المؤلفون: | Megan D, Lenardon, Prashant, Sood, Helge C, Dorfmueller, Alistair J P, Brown, Neil A R, Gow |
| المصدر: | The Cell Surface |
| سنة النشر: | 2020 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | GPI, glycosylphosphatidylinositol, WGA, wheat germ agglutinin, rpm, revolutions per minute, 3D, three dimensions, Chitin, β-glucan, Article, PBS, phosphate buffered saline, PRRs, pattern recognition receptors, Cell wall proteins, CWPs, cell wall proteins, ChBD, chitin binding domain, SEM, scanning electron microscopy, Fungal cell wall ultrastructure, NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance, TEM, transmission electron microscopy, EndoH, endoglycosidase H, 2°, secondary, HPF/FS, high pressure freezing/freeze substitution, OD600, optical density at 600 nm, carbohydrates (lipids), AFM, atomic force microscopy, 3°, tertiary, Fc-dectin-1, soluble chimeric form of dectin-1, HuCκ, human kappa light chain, N-mannan, BSA, bovine serum albumin, 6xHis, hexahistidine tag, PAMPs, pathogen associated molecular patterns, scAb, single chain antibody, 2D, two dimensions |
| الوصف: | Highlights • In wild type C. albicans yeast cells grown in standard lab conditions: • Chitin microfibrils are interspersed throughout the inner layer of the cell wall. • Cell wall proteins are embedded throughout the inner layer of the cell wall. • The outer fibrillar layer represents N-mannan outer chains. • The length of fibrils correlates with the length of the α(1,6)-N-mannan backbone. • Side chains extend from the α(1,6)-backbone at fixed angles every 10 mannose residues. Despite the importance of fungal cell walls as the principle determinant of fungal morphology and the defining element determining fungal interactions with other cells, few scalar models have been developed that reconcile chemical and microscopic attributes of its structure. The cell wall of the fungal pathogen Candida albicans is comprised of an amorphous inner skeletal layer of β(1,3)- and β(1,6)-glucan and chitin and an outer fibrillar layer thought to be dominated by highly mannosylated cell wall proteins. The architecture of these two layers can be resolved at the electron microscopy level, but the visualised structure of the wall has not yet been defined precisely in chemical terms. We have therefore examined the precise structure, location and molecular sizes of the cell wall components using transmission electron microscopy and tomography and tested predictions of the cell wall models using mutants and agents that perturb the normal cell wall structure. We demonstrate that the fibrils are comprised of a frond of N-linked outer chain mannans linked to a basal layer of GPI-proteins concentrated in the mid-wall region and that the non-elastic chitin microfibrils are cantilevered with sufficient lengths of non-fibrillar chitin and/or β-glucan to enable the chitin-glucan cage to flex, e.g. during morphogenesis and osmotic swelling. We present the first three-dimensional nano-scalar model of the C. albicans cell wall which can be used to test hypotheses relating to the structure–function relationships that underpin the pathobiology of this fungal pathogen. |
| تدمد: | 2468-2330 |
| URL الوصول: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=pmid________::16a1eca957e5404686325fc2ce53c3ba https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33294751 |
| حقوق: | OPEN |
| رقم الأكسشن: | edsair.pmid..........16a1eca957e5404686325fc2ce53c3ba |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 24682330 |
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