While polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are an important persistent toxic organic contaminant, the toxicities of substituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (SPAHs) are much higher than PAHs. Water and sludge samples were collected from the Qingdao Chengyang Sewage Treatment Plant (STP). The distribution and removal of 16 PAHs and nitro-PAHs (NPAHs), methyl-PAHs (MPAHs), and oxy-PAHs (OPAHs) in the SBR/MBBR process were analyzed. The results showed that 16 PAHs and 13 SPAHs were detected. In the influent water, the total concentrations of PAHs and SPAHs were 3835.14 ng·L