To investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in patients with severe aplastic anemia (SAA).Clinical data from 270 SAA patients with allo-HSCT were retrospectively analyzed, including 108 sib congruence patients and 162 substitute donors (68 unrelated donor congruence patients and 94 related haploid patients). Different pretreatment schemes were selected for different transplantation modes. The HLA-identical sibling and haploid grafts were all bone marrow and peripheral blood stem cells, and the grafts from unrelated donors were peripheral blood stem cells. After granulocyte implantation, blood CMV-DNA was regularly monitored. Flow cytometry was also used to determine the absolute number of CD3CMV infection occurred in 229 of 270 patients with an incidence of 84.8%. Among them, 18 patients developed giant cell disease. Univariate analysis showed that alternative donors (unrelated total and haploid donors), mycophenolate mofetil and acute graft-versus-host disease were statistically significantly associated with CMV infection (P0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that alternative donors were associated with CMV infection. The recovery of CD3After allo-HSCT, substitute donors are more easily to develop CMV infection than full-sibling donors, and the reconstruction of immune function is delayed after transplantation.重型再生障碍性贫血异基因造血干细胞移植术后CMV感染的临床分析.探讨重型再生障碍性贫血（SAA）患者行异基因造血干细胞移植（allo-HSCT）后巨细胞病毒（CMV）感染的临床特点及其相关高危因素.回顾性分析270例SAA患者行allo-HSCT的临床资料，包括108例同胞全相合和162例替代供者（68例非亲缘全相合和94例亲缘单倍体）。不同移植方式选择不同预处理方案。同胞全相合和单倍体的移植物均为骨髓和外周血干细胞，非亲缘供者移植物为外周血干细胞。待粒细胞植入后，定期监测血液CMV-DNA。同时采用流式细胞术测定移植术后第1、2、3、6、12个月的CD3270例SAA患者移植后229例发生了CMV病毒感染，发生率为84.8%，其中有18例患者进展为巨细胞疾病。单因素分析显示，替代供者（非亲缘全相合及亲缘单倍体供者）、吗替麦考酚酯的应用以及急性移植物抗宿主病的发生与CMV感染相关，差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。多因素分析则显示，替代供者与CMV感染相关。替代供者6个月内CD3Allo-HSCT后替代供者比同胞全相合供者移植更易发生CMV感染，且替代供者移植术后免疫功能重建延迟.
