Amylin and amyloid-β (Aβ) were found to induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in rat pancreatic β-cell line, INS-1 cells, leading to cell death. In this study, we report on reciprocal relationship between the expression of estrogen receptors (ERs) α and β (ERα and ERβ) and generation of ROS/RNS in amylin/Aβ