Limited Association between the Total Healthy Eating Index-2015 Score and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Individuals with Long-Standing Spinal Cord Injury: An Exploratory Study: An Exploratory Study
التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
العنوان:
Limited Association between the Total Healthy Eating Index-2015 Score and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Individuals with Long-Standing Spinal Cord Injury: An Exploratory Study: An Exploratory Study
The healthy eating index-2015 (HEI-2015) reflects diet quality in reference to the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA). Little is known regarding its application in individuals with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI).To explore the relationship between diet quality as assessed by the HEI-2015 and cardiovascular risk factors among individuals with chronic SCI.This is a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data collected from August 2017 through November 2019 for an interventional study that evaluates the effects of a high-protein/low-carbohydrate diet on cardiovascular risk factors in individuals with chronic SCI at the University of Alabama at Birmingham.Twenty-four free-living adults with SCI (mean age, 45 ± 12 y; 8F/16M, level of injury: nine cervical, 15 thoracic; mean duration of injury: 20 ± 13 y) were included.Participants underwent a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and a dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scan. Dietary intake was assessed by three, 24-hour multiple-pass dietary recalls to calculate the HEI-2015 using the simple HEI scoring algorithm method.Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to predict indices of lipid metabolism and glucose homeostasis and C-reactive protein (CRP) from the HEI-2015. Principal component analysis was used to reduce the number of covariates (level of injury, sex, and body fat percentage).On average, participants' diets were of low quality (HEI-2015, 47.2 ± 10.8). The regression models for fasting glucose (FG), cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and CRP had moderate to large effect sizes (adjusted RAmong participants with SCI, higher conformance to the 2015-2020 DGA was 1) moderately associated with better FG homeostasis; and 2) trivially associated with other cardiovascular risk factors. Because of the small sample size, these conclusions cannot be extrapolated beyond the study sample. Future larger studies are warranted to better understand the relationship between diet quality and cardiovascular disease risks in this population.
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