تقرير
Environmental sub-MeV neutron measurement at the Gran Sasso surface laboratory with a super-fine-grained nuclear emulsion detector
| العنوان: | Environmental sub-MeV neutron measurement at the Gran Sasso surface laboratory with a super-fine-grained nuclear emulsion detector |
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| المؤلفون: | Shiraishi, T., Akamatsu, S., Naka, T., Asada, T., De Lellis, G., Tioukov, V., Rosa, G., Kobayashi, R., Ambrosio, N., Alexandrov, A., Sato, O. |
| المصدر: | Phys. Rev. C 107, 014608 (2023) |
| سنة النشر: | 2022 |
| المجموعة: | Astrophysics Physics (Other) |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics |
| الوصف: | The measurement of environmental neutrons is particularly important in the search for new physics, such as dark matter particles, because neutrons constitute an often-irreducible background source. The measurement of the neutron energy spectra in the sub-MeV scale is technically difficult because it requires a very good energy resolution and a very high $\gamma$-ray rejection power. In this study, we used a super-fine-grained nuclear emulsion, called Nano Imaging Tracker (NIT), as a neutron detector. The main target of neutrons is the hydrogen (proton) content of emulsion films. Through a topological analysis, proton recoils induced by neutron scattering can be detected as tracks with sub-micrometric accuracy. This method shows an extremely high $\gamma$-ray rejection power, at the level of $5 \times 10^7 ~ \gamma/\rm{cm}^2$, which is equivalent to 5 years accumulation of environmental $\gamma$-rays, and a very good energy and direction resolution even in the sub-MeV energy region. In order to carry out this measurement with sufficient statistics, we upgraded the automated scanning system to achieve a speed of 250 g/year/machine. We calibrated the detector performance of this system with 880 keV monochromatic neutrons: a very good agreement with the expectation was found for all the relevant kinematic variables. The application of the developed method to a sample exposed at the INFN Gran Sasso surface laboratory provided the first measurement of sub-MeV environmental neutrons with a flux of $(7.6 \pm 1.7) \times 10^{-3} \rm{cm}^{-2} \rm{s}^{-1}$ in the proton energy range between 0.25 and 1 MeV (corresponds to neutron energy range between 0.25 and 10 MeV), consistent with the prediction. The neutron energy and direction distributions also show a good agreement. Comment: 11 pages, 14 figures |
| نوع الوثيقة: | Working Paper |
| DOI: | 10.1103/PhysRevC.107.014608 |
| URL الوصول: | http://arxiv.org/abs/2208.13366 |
| رقم الأكسشن: | edsarx.2208.13366 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | arXiv |
| DOI: | 10.1103/PhysRevC.107.014608 |
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