Background: Air pollution in large cities is one of the main difficulties that have harmful effects on humans and cause various diseases including cancers. So, present study with aim of determination the relation between air pollution and Incidence rate of two most common cancer in Tehran were performed. Methods: at first, hourly data of pollutants including of CO, NO2, O3, SO2, PM10 were taken from the environmental protection agency Tehran and Air Quality Control Company and Archived documents of Disease data were acquired from Iran University of Medical Sciences .Then, descriptive studies were performed on criteria air pollutants and dependent variable . Finally, inferential tests such as Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression were used to determine the relationship between air pollution and the incidence rate of Lung and Hematologic Neoplasms. Results: Results showed there was significant relationship between PM10/O3 and among men and women. The correlation of coefficients between PM10 and O3 with Number of cases of disease in men and women were 0.904, 0.882, 0.924, 0.931, 0.856, 0.949, 0.976, 0.860 respectively. Conclusion: According to the results, there were positive relationship between PM10/O3 and incidence rate of Lung and Hematologic Neoplasms among men and women. Due to the high level of ozone and airborne particles and their health consequences, Continuous and further prevention and control measures should be developed to alleviate the situation of the two air pollutants.
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