The path length of multiple unmanned aerial vehicle (multi-UAV) has a certain impact on the task allocation of multi-UAV. In order to improve the efficiency of multi-UAV and reduce the loss of multi-UAV during the process of performing tasks, this paper takes the path length as one of the influencing factors of the evaluation function. The UAV path length, UAV performance, and task characteristics are taken as the influencing factors of multi-UAV task allocation evaluation function. In addition, in order to improve the efficiency of genetic algorithm (GA) in solving multi-UAV task allocation problem, this paper proposes a fusion genetic algorithm based on improved simulated annealing (ISAFGA). In order to improve the population diversity of GA, the second selection operation of GA is carried out and the improved simulated annealing algorithm (SA) is used in the second selection operation. The threshold is set to improve the acceptance criteria of new solutions in SA, and then the promotion of secondary selection operation on population diversity is improved. The simulation results showed that the improved algorithm could improve the diversity of the population and improve the global search ability, and verified the effectiveness of the improved algorithm.
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