دورية أكاديمية
Transmission of Leishmania donovani in the Hills of Eastern Nepal, an Outbreak Investigation in Okhaldhunga and Bhojpur Districts.
العنوان: | Transmission of Leishmania donovani in the Hills of Eastern Nepal, an Outbreak Investigation in Okhaldhunga and Bhojpur Districts. |
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المؤلفون: | Bart Ostyn, Surendra Uranw, Narayan Raj Bhattarai, Murari L Das, Keshav Rai, Katrien Tersago, Yubraj Pokhrel, Lies Durnez, Baburam Marasini, Gert Van der Auwera, Jean-Claude Dujardin, Marc Coosemans, Daniel Argaw, Marleen Boelaert, Suman Rijal |
المصدر: | PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 9, Iss 8, p e0003966 (2015) |
بيانات النشر: | Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2015. |
سنة النشر: | 2015 |
المجموعة: | LCC:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine LCC:Public aspects of medicine |
مصطلحات موضوعية: | Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, RC955-962, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270 |
الوصف: | BACKGROUND:In the Indian subcontinent, Visceral leishmaniasis is endemic in a geographical area coinciding with the Lower Gangetic Plain, at low altitude. VL occurring in residents of hill districts is therefore often considered the result of Leishmania donovani infection during travel. Early 2014 we conducted an outbreak investigation in Okhaldhunga and Bhojpur districts in the Nepal hills where increasing number of VL cases have been reported. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:A house-to-house survey in six villages documented retrospectively 35 cases of Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL). Anti-Leishmania antibodies were found in 22/23 past-VL cases, in 40/416 (9.6%) persons without VL and in 12/155 (7.7%) domestic animals. An age- and sex- matched case-control study showed that exposure to known VL-endemic regions was no risk factor for VL, but having a VL case in the neighbourhood was. SSU-rDNA PCR for Leishmania sp. was positive in 24 (5%) of the human, in 18 (12%) of the animal samples and in 16 (14%) bloodfed female Phlebotomus argentipes sand flies. L. donovani was confirmed in two asymptomatic individuals and in one sand fly through hsp70-based sequencing. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE:This is epidemiological and entomological evidence for ongoing local transmission of L. donovani in villages at an altitude above 600 meters in Nepal, in districts considered hitherto non-endemic for VL. The VL Elimination Initiative in Nepal should therefore consider extending its surveillance and control activities in order to assure VL elimination, and the risk map for VL should be redesigned. |
نوع الوثيقة: | article |
وصف الملف: | electronic resource |
اللغة: | English |
تدمد: | 1935-2727 1935-2735 |
Relation: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4529159?pdf=render; https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727; https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735 |
DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003966 |
URL الوصول: | https://doaj.org/article/e1752717a8ad4937aa7ac506400939c1 |
رقم الأكسشن: | edsdoj.1752717a8ad4937aa7ac506400939c1 |
قاعدة البيانات: | Directory of Open Access Journals |
تدمد: | 19352727 19352735 |
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DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003966 |