Retinopathy of prematurity(ROP)is an avoidable and controllable oculopathy of blindness and low vision in children. Screening is the premise and a key measure for early detection, intervention and treatment. It is of great significance to reducing the blindness rate and visual impairment of children. The main of this review is to review the current situation on screening and morbidity of ROP in China, and to provide reference for preventive and treatment of ROP.