The rapid development of big data breeds data science. Understanding and mastering the internal pattern of the value generation of big data is important for improving digitization and the covergence of data science with management science, computer science, and other disciplines. In this study, we discuss the significance of data science for the development of science and technology and social progress. Based on the interpretation of the connotation of data science, we introduce the definition of data science and review its formation by summarizing the major progress of related disciplines. We also discuss the research methodologies, development patterns and trends, and technical directions of data science. Finally, we make suggestions for data science to promote the development of data-based science and technology.
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