In this study, we sought to enhance the output power and conversion efficiency of textured silicon solar cells by layering two-dimensional indium nanoparticles (In NPs) within a double-layer (SiNx/SiO2) antireflective coating (ARC) to induce plasmonic forward scattering. The plasmonic effects were characterized using Raman scattering, absorbance spectra, optical reflectance, and external quantum efficiency. We compared the optical and electrical performance of cells with and without single layers and double layers of In NPs. The conversion efficiency of the cell with a double layer of In NPs (16.97%) was higher than that of the cell with a single layer of In NPs (16.61%) and greatly exceeded that of the cell without In NPs (16.16%). We also conducted a comprehensive study on the light-trapping performance of the textured silicon solar cells with and without layers of In NPs within the double layer of ARC at angles from 0° to 75°. The total electrical output power of cells under air mass (AM) 1.5 G illumination was calculated. The application of a double layer of In NPs enabled an impressive 53.42% improvement in electrical output power (compared to the cell without NPs) thanks to the effects of plasmonic forward scattering.
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