Co-mining of the deep mineral and geothermal resources is crucial for the sustainable development of deep mining and provides a brand-new technical means for geothermal mining in deep high-temperature strata. In this article, we analyze the important values of the co-mining, introduce the current status of development and utilization of geothermal resources worldwide, and summarize the basic research progress of the co-mining in China. Subsequently, we analyze the technical and management challenges faced by the co-mining and establish a technical system that is urgently required for comprehensive development and utilization, which involves (1) the investigation and prospect judgment of the joint development and utilization of deep mineral and geothermal resources, (2) the excavation and construction of underground tunnels and chambers in high-temperature and hard rock strata, (3) the key theory and technical system of co-construction, coexistence, and sharing of a deep mineral resource exploitation system and a geothermal development system, and (4) the theories and technologies of geothermal energy exchange and transmission in the deep high temperature strata. Furthermore, development suggestions are proposed in terms of geological exploration, scientific and technological innovation, supporting policies, top-level planning, and scientific research demonstration bases; these aim to provide a reference for the sustainable and high-quality development of the mining and geothermal industries in China.
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