Abstract: One of the most promising and accessible technologies for household water treatment is biosand filtration. The biosand filter is an intermittently operated slow sand filter at little scales. In this investigation, a series of laboratory scale was conducted by introducing a 10 cm thick layer of iron oxide coated gravel with three layers of underdrain were utilized to remove conductivity, turbidity, hardness, manganese, E. coli, total coliform, faecal coliform from the kabini river water and ground water. The experiments were performed to analyse the performance of the modified biosand filter with household biosand filter as far as their decrease in evacuating under various working conditions. For BSF, the removal efficiencies were found to be 83.3-81.8% for turbidity, 55.6-50.2% for hardness, 40.4-55.67% for manganese, 95-98% for Escherichia coli CFU/mL,80-75% for faecal coliforms. The removal efficiencies of MBSF were found to be 60.6-70.2% for turbidity, 40.2-50.2% for hardness, 40.5-30.3% for manganese, 98.3-99.2% for Escherichia coli CFU/mL,85.3-80.1% for faecal coliforms. The initial concentration of kabini river water for turbidity 19±1.2 NTU; hardness 430±30; manganese 0.22±0.2; Escherichia coli 3850±736 CFU/mL; faecal coliforms 380±45 MPN/100 mL; pH 7.64±0.4 and ground water for turbidity 12±4.3 NTU; hardness 360±30; manganese 0.18±0.2; Escherichia coli 3850±736 CFU/mL; faecal coliforms 240±45 MPN/100 mL; pH 7.36±0.3.
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