دورية أكاديمية
Application of Judgmental Sampling Approach for the Monitoring of Groundwater Quality and Quantity Evolution in Mediterranean Catchments
| العنوان: | Application of Judgmental Sampling Approach for the Monitoring of Groundwater Quality and Quantity Evolution in Mediterranean Catchments |
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| المؤلفون: | Maria Margarita Ntona, Konstantinos Chalikakis, Gianluigi Busico, Micòl Mastrocicco, Kyriaki Kalaitzidou, Nerantzis Kazakis |
| المصدر: | Water, Vol 15, Iss 22, p 4018 (2023) |
| بيانات النشر: | MDPI AG, 2023. |
| سنة النشر: | 2023 |
| المجموعة: | LCC:Hydraulic engineering LCC:Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | multivariate statistical analysis, groundwater pollution, evolution process, pearson correlation, groundwater level, Hydraulic engineering, TC1-978, Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes, TD201-500 |
| الوصف: | Groundwater monitoring is critically important, even though it is costly and often neglected. In this study, a judgmental monitoring of groundwater offering solutions based on a cost and time-effective research approach is presented. The method was performed in three Mediterranean areas in Greece and Italy to examine its advantages and disadvantages. As a first step, a multi-statistical analysis was practiced to assess and apportion the potential contributions of pollution sources of groundwater. Pearson correlation, principal component analysis, and factor analysis were applied to groundwater samples to characterize the evolution of hydrochemical processes. High concentrations of chlorides and nitrates highlight that salinization and the extensive use of nitrate fertilizers dominate in the coastal part of Eastern Thermaikos Gulf, the dissolution of carbonate rocks and livestock/industrial activities drive the groundwater quality status in the Upper Volturno basin, while in the Mouriki basin thermal power plant and the use of zinc fertilizers are the main factors of groundwater quality degradation. The determination of the critical sampling points was applied, considering the land use and hydrogeological and morphological characteristics of the areas. The application of the judgmental sampling approach provides reliable results regarding groundwater evolution. These results were compared to previous works and found that a non-probability sampling technique can provide the same results as a more costly method in the Mediterranean region. Thus, judgmental sampling is crucial for the optimal application of water resource management and control techniques in basins to avoid gaps in data collection. |
| نوع الوثيقة: | article |
| وصف الملف: | electronic resource |
| اللغة: | English |
| تدمد: | 2073-4441 |
| Relation: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/15/22/4018; https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4441 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/w15224018 |
| URL الوصول: | https://doaj.org/article/3544420a5b394a18a16d4314f4ce6060 |
| رقم الأكسشن: | edsdoj.3544420a5b394a18a16d4314f4ce6060 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | Directory of Open Access Journals |
Full Text Finder | تدمد: | 20734441 |
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| DOI: | 10.3390/w15224018 |