In this study, the optimal parameters for the weldability window of pure titanium and a new duplex stainless steel (TP 270C/SUS 821L1) were explored, particularly the lower and left limits. A series of experiments were conducted, and the details of physical quantities during welding, such as the jet, pressure, and melting, were obtained via the smooth particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method. The simulation results demonstrated how these physical quantities changed with the welding parameters near the lower and left limits. The lower limit was determined according to experimental and simulation results, while the left limit was determined according to experimental findings. Via simulation, it was found that the jet and left limit are related to the ratio of the pressure and tensile strength (P/σb). The experimental results provided new notions regarding the left limit. Through the weldability window analysis. The optimal parameters of explosive welding should be slightly above the lower limit; an area near the left limit also offered optimal parameters for welding.
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