Abstract Background End-stage and acquired cystic renal disease (ESRD/ACRD) kidneys are characterized by inflammatory remodelling and multiplex renal cell carcinomas (RCC). Eosinophilic vacuolated tumour (EVT) occurs exclusively in ACRD. The aim of this study was to identify the involvement of thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) and thioredoxin (TXN) in ESRD/ACRD pathology. Methods Expression of TXNIP and TXN was examined in histological slides of 6 ESRD and 6 ACRD kidneys, precursor lesions and associated tumours as well as of RCCs from the general population by immunohistochemistry. Results Strong TXNIP expression was seen in epithelial cells, myo-fibroblasts and endothelial cells and weak TXN expression in ESRD/ACRD kidneys and tumours. In ACRD specific EVT and its precursors TXN were translocated into nuclei. Conclusion The impaired TXNIP/TXN redox homeostasis might be associated with development of multiplex cancer especially of EVT in ESRD/ACRD kidney.
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