AIM:To evaluate the safety and efficacy of 0.005% atropine eye drops on myopia control in children with low myopia. METHODS: Prospective one-year controlled study. One hundred and sixteen children with low myopia were divided into two groups(0.005% atropine group and control group)according to the requirements of children and their guardians. The children(n=58)in the 0.005% atropine group wore single-vision(SV)spectacles, with one drop of 0.005% atropine eye drop applied to both eyes once nightly. The children(n=58)in the control group only wore SV spectacles. Repeated measurements of spherical equivalent refractive errors(SERs), axial length(AL), pupil diameter and accommodative amplitude were performed at baseline, and 4, 8 and 12mo after treatment. The discomfort symptoms were also observed.RESULTS: There were no significant increase shown in change in SERs and AL from baseline to 12mo in the 0.005% atropine group and control group(P0.05). Statistically significant differences were all found in pupil diameter increase and accommodative amplitude decrease between two groups( P