As an important new part of airborne integrated surveillance system(ISS), the automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast(ADS-B) system shows the advantages in surveillance and efficiency under the premise of ensuring flight safety, which leads to the development of future surveillance technology. Firstly, the system function and advantages and disadvantages of ADS-B system are introduced, and the technologies and products at home and abroad are organized. Then, from the perspective of ensuring flight safety and efficiency, the key technologies of ADS-B system are analyzed and summarized, and the technology connotation and difficulties are described in detail. Finally, the development trend of the technology is discussed and prospected in combination with the concept of next generation airspace operation, and four future development directions of ADS-B technology are proposed, which can provide the development direction for the development of ADS-B technology of airborne ISS, and promote the development of ADS-B technology in practical operation and theoretical research.