Jun Xiao,1 Huan-Yi Lin,2 Yuan-Yuan Zhu,3 Yu-Ping Zhu,1 Ling-Wu Chen2 1Department of Urology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 2Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 3Clinical Laboratory, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China Objective: To assess whether microRNA-126 (miR-126) targets phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta (PIK3R2) and to determine the potential roles of miR-126 in regulating proliferation and invasion via the PIK3R2-mediated phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway in the human bladder BLS cell line. Materials and methods: A recombinant lentivirus (Lv) vector expressing miR-216 (Lv-miR-126) was successfully constructed, and Lv-miR-126 and Lv vector were transfected into the BLS cell line. A direct regulatory relationship between miR-126 and the PIK3R2 gene was demonstrated by luciferase reporter assays. To determine whether PIK3R2 directly participates in the miR-126-induced effects in BLS cells, anti-miR-126 and a PIK3R2 small interfering RNA (siRNA) were transfected into the BLS cells. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to measure miR-126 and PIK3R2 expressions. 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine and colony formation assays to assess cell proliferation, flow cytometry for cell apoptosis and cell cycle analysis, Transwell assays for cell migration and invasion, and Western blots for PIK3R2, PI3K, phosphorylated PI3K (p-PI3K), Akt, and phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) protein expressions were performed. Results: Lv-miR-126 significantly enhanced the relative expression of miR-126 in the BLS cells after infection (P
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