ABSTRACT Steindachnerina nigrotaenia is resurrected from the synonym of S. brevipinna and considered a valid species. The previous designation of the lectotype of S. nigrotaenia is considered invalid and a new lectotype is designated herein. Steindachnerina nigrotaenia and S. insculpta are redescribed based on type specimens and on additional material from the rio Paraguai and the upper rio Paraná basins, respectively. The two species can be separated by the number of scales of the lateral line and of the transverse series and by phylogenetic analyses of molecular data.
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