دورية أكاديمية
Optimizing Hydraulic Retention Time and Area of Biological Settling Ponds for Super-Intensive Shrimp Wastewater Treatment Systems
العنوان: | Optimizing Hydraulic Retention Time and Area of Biological Settling Ponds for Super-Intensive Shrimp Wastewater Treatment Systems |
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المؤلفون: | Tran Sy Nam, Huynh Van Thao, Nguyen Trong Luan, Nguyen Phuong Duy, Nguyen Van Cong |
المصدر: | Water, Vol 14, Iss 6, p 932 (2022) |
بيانات النشر: | MDPI AG, 2022. |
سنة النشر: | 2022 |
المجموعة: | LCC:Hydraulic engineering LCC:Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes |
مصطلحات موضوعية: | biological settling ponds, hydraulic retention time, settling pond area, shrimp wastewater treatment, super-intensive shrimp farming, Hydraulic engineering, TC1-978, Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes, TD201-500 |
الوصف: | Biological settling ponds are a practicable approach for treating super-intensive shrimp aquaculture wastewater for almost all shrimp producers in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD). The optimization of the hydraulic retention time (HRT) of biological settling ponds plays a crucial role in establishing the stability of outflow wastewater quality and suitability of the settling pond area (SPA). This study aims to suggest appropriate HRT and SPA for super-intensive shrimp wastewater treatment systems based on the National Standard (QCVN 02-19:2014/BNNPTNT) and the best aquaculture practices (BAP) standards and guidelines. We investigated 20 typical super-intensive shrimp farms in the VMD and collected effluent samples from siphoning process, daily water exchange, and outflow of biological effluent-treatment settling ponds. The results showed that the average of each super-intensive shrimp farm produced wastewater at approximately 218 m3 ha−1 day−1. The contaminant loads of TSS, COD, TKN, and TP were commensurate to 177, 113, 9.86, and 4.19 kg ha−1 day−1, respectively. Based on the relationship between outflow COD, TSS concentrations, and HRT of biological-surveyed settling ponds, a 13.4-day HRT and 1934-m2 SPA were suggested to optimize the super-intensive shrimp wastewater treatment systems. Our recommendation for further work is to continuously optimize the HRT and SPA rates of functional ponds (anaerobic, facultative, and maturation) to ameliorate the engineering configuration of the recommended biological settling pond. |
نوع الوثيقة: | article |
وصف الملف: | electronic resource |
اللغة: | English |
تدمد: | 2073-4441 |
Relation: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/6/932; https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4441 |
DOI: | 10.3390/w14060932 |
URL الوصول: | https://doaj.org/article/71069ca8489e432cad0e22a0f5fc84b8 |
رقم الأكسشن: | edsdoj.71069ca8489e432cad0e22a0f5fc84b8 |
قاعدة البيانات: | Directory of Open Access Journals |
تدمد: | 20734441 |
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DOI: | 10.3390/w14060932 |