دورية أكاديمية
Recent Advances in Synthesis and Degradation of Lignin and Lignin Nanoparticles and Their Emerging Applications in Nanotechnology
| العنوان: | Recent Advances in Synthesis and Degradation of Lignin and Lignin Nanoparticles and Their Emerging Applications in Nanotechnology |
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| المؤلفون: | Virendra Kumar Yadav, Nitin Gupta, Pankaj Kumar, Marjan Ganjali Dashti, Vineet Tirth, Samreen Heena Khan, Krishna Kumar Yadav, Saiful Islam, Nisha Choudhary, Ali Algahtani, Sweta Parimita Bera, Do-Hyeon Kim, Byong-Hun Jeon |
| المصدر: | Materials, Vol 15, Iss 3, p 953 (2022) |
| بيانات النشر: | MDPI AG, 2022. |
| سنة النشر: | 2022 |
| المجموعة: | LCC:Technology LCC:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering LCC:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) LCC:Microscopy LCC:Descriptive and experimental mechanics |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | lignin, nanoparticles, ligninolytic enzymes, degradation, nanobioremediation, Technology, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, TK1-9971, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Microscopy, QH201-278.5, Descriptive and experimental mechanics, QC120-168.85 |
| الوصف: | Lignin is an important commercially produced polymeric material. It is used extensively in both industrial and agricultural activities. Recently, it has drawn much attention from the scientific community. It is abundantly present in nature and has significant application in the production of biodegradable materials. Its wide usage includes drug delivery, polymers and several forms of emerging lignin nanoparticles. The synthesis of lignin nanoparticles is carried out in a controlled manner. The traditional manufacturing techniques are costly and often toxic and hazardous to the environment. This review article highlights simple, safe, climate-friendly and ecological approaches to the synthesis of lignin nanoparticles. The changeable, complex structure and recalcitrant nature of lignin makes it challenging to degrade. Researchers have discovered a small number of microorganisms that have developed enzymatic and non-enzymatic metabolic pathways to use lignin as a carbon source. These microbes show promising potential for the biodegradation of lignin. The degradation pathways of these microbes are also described, which makes the study of biological synthesis much easier. However, surface modification of lignin nanoparticles is something that is yet to be explored. This review elucidates the recent advances in the biodegradation of lignin in the ecological system. It includes the current approaches, methods for modification, new applications and research for the synthesis of lignin and lignin nanoparticles. Additionally, the intricacy of lignin’s structure, along with its chemical nature, is well-described. This article will help increase the understanding of the utilization of lignin as an economical and alternative-resource material. It will also aid in the minimization of solid waste arising from lignin. |
| نوع الوثيقة: | article |
| وصف الملف: | electronic resource |
| اللغة: | English |
| تدمد: | 1996-1944 |
| Relation: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/3/953; https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/ma15030953 |
| URL الوصول: | https://doaj.org/article/71ca4b67858d4f5ba464fbe4477fa4e4 |
| رقم الأكسشن: | edsdoj.71ca4b67858d4f5ba464fbe4477fa4e4 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | Directory of Open Access Journals |
Full Text Finder | تدمد: | 19961944 |
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| DOI: | 10.3390/ma15030953 |