دورية أكاديمية
Winter Green Manure Decreases Subsoil Nitrate Accumulation and Increases N Use Efficiencies of Maize Production in North China Plain
| العنوان: | Winter Green Manure Decreases Subsoil Nitrate Accumulation and Increases N Use Efficiencies of Maize Production in North China Plain |
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| المؤلفون: | Zonghui Hu, Qiu Zhao, Xinjian Zhang, Xiaoguang Ning, Hao Liang, Weidong Cao |
| المصدر: | Plants, Vol 12, Iss 2, p 311 (2023) |
| بيانات النشر: | MDPI AG, 2023. |
| سنة النشر: | 2023 |
| المجموعة: | LCC:Botany |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | nitrogen use efficiency, North China Plain, spring maize, winter green manure, yield, Botany, QK1-989 |
| الوصف: | Planting a deep-rooted green manure (GM) (more than 1.0 m depth) greatly improves soil fertility and reduces the loss of nutrients. However, few studies have examined the response of soil nitrogen (N) distribution in the soil profile and subsoil N recovery to the long-term planting and incorporation of deep-rooted GM. Based on a 12-year (2009–2021) experiment of spring maize-winter GMs rotation in the North China Plain (NCP), this study investigated the effects of different GMs that were planted over the winter, including ryegrass (RrG, Lolium L.) (>1.0 m), Orychophragmus violaceus (OrV, Orychophragmus violaceus L.) (>0.8 m), and hairy vetch (VvR, Vicia villosa Roth.) (>1.0 m), on the spring maize yield, N distribution in the deep soil profile, N use efficiencies, functional gene abundances involving soil nitrification–denitrification processes and N2O production. Compared with the winter fallow, the maize yield significantly increased by 11.6% after 10 years of green manuring, and water storage in 0–200 cm soil profile significantly increased by 5.0–17.1% at maize seedling stage. The total N content in the soil layer at 0–90 cm increased by 15.8–19.7%, while the nitrate content in the deep soil layer (80–120 cm) decreased by 17.8–39.6%. Planting GM significantly increased the N recovery rate (10.4–32.7%) and fertilizer N partial productivity (4.6–13.3%). Additionally, the topsoil N functional genes (ammonia-oxidizing archaea amoA, ammonia-oxidizing bacterial amoA, nirS, nirK) significantly decreased without increasing N2O production potential. These results indicated that long-term planting of the deep-rooted GM effectively reduce the accumulation of nitrates in the deep soil and improve the crop yield and N use efficiencies, demonstrating a great value in green manuring to improve the fertility of the soil, increase the crop yield, and reduce the risk of N loss in NCP. |
| نوع الوثيقة: | article |
| وصف الملف: | electronic resource |
| اللغة: | English |
| تدمد: | 12020311 2223-7747 |
| Relation: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/2/311; https://doaj.org/toc/2223-7747 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/plants12020311 |
| URL الوصول: | https://doaj.org/article/c8fada955b604302918277cc210ed73e |
| رقم الأكسشن: | edsdoj.8fada955b604302918277cc210ed73e |
| قاعدة البيانات: | Directory of Open Access Journals |
Full Text Finder | تدمد: | 12020311 22237747 |
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| DOI: | 10.3390/plants12020311 |