Functional devices for terahertz (THz) polarization detection in transmission mode are highly desired in integrated applications, but traditional polarization measurement systems are bulky and highly cost. The combination between all-silicon metasurfaces and focused beams carrying polarization information has offered a new opportunity for miniaturized polarization detection behavior. Here, we investigate and experimentally demonstrate a new scheme for realizing efficiently miniaturized polarization detection behavior based on the polarization multiplexing encoding technique. The full-Stokes parameter matrix of the incident polarization state can be reconstructed in a single snapshot by using a microprobe to record, pixel by pixel, the complex amplitude information contained in a pre-designed plane. Subsequently, the polarization detection capability of the proposed design principle is evaluated using random polarization states defined on the surface of a standard Poincaré sphere (PS). Such a scheme offers potential applications for the development of compact photonic meta-platforms for polarization detection in transmission mode, being highly favored in polarization high-resolution imaging, remote sensing, and THz communications.
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