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Power-Law Distributions of Dynamic Cascade Failures in Power-Grid Models

التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
العنوان: Power-Law Distributions of Dynamic Cascade Failures in Power-Grid Models
المؤلفون: Géza Ódor, Bálint Hartmann
المصدر: Entropy, Vol 22, Iss 6, p 666 (2020)
بيانات النشر: MDPI AG, 2020.
سنة النشر: 2020
المجموعة: LCC:Science
LCC:Astrophysics
LCC:Physics
مصطلحات موضوعية: power-grid, Kuramoto, dynamic simulation, failure cascade, Science, Astrophysics, QB460-466, Physics, QC1-999
الوصف: Power-law distributed cascade failures are well known in power-grid systems. Understanding this phenomena has been done by various DC threshold models, self-tuned at their critical point. Here, we attempt to describe it using an AC threshold model, with a second-order Kuramoto type equation of motion of the power-flow. We have focused on the exploration of network heterogeneity effects, starting from homogeneous two-dimensional (2D) square lattices to the US power-grid, possessing identical nodes and links, to a realistic electric power-grid obtained from the Hungarian electrical database. The last one exhibits node dependent parameters, topologically marginally on the verge of robust networks. We show that too weak quenched heterogeneity, coming solely from the probabilistic self-frequencies of nodes (2D square lattice), is not sufficient for finding power-law distributed cascades. On the other hand, too strong heterogeneity destroys the synchronization of the system. We found agreement with the empirically observed power-law failure size distributions on the US grid, as well as on the Hungarian networks near the synchronization transition point. We have also investigated the consequence of replacing the usual Gaussian self-frequencies to exponential distributed ones, describing renewable energy sources. We found a drop in the steady state synchronization averages, but the cascade size distribution, both for the US and Hungarian systems, remained insensitive and have kept the universal tails, being characterized by the exponent τ ≃ 1.8 . We have also investigated the effect of an instantaneous feedback mechanism in case of the Hungarian power-grid.
نوع الوثيقة: article
وصف الملف: electronic resource
اللغة: English
تدمد: 1099-4300
Relation: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/22/6/666; https://doaj.org/toc/1099-4300
DOI: 10.3390/e22060666
URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/aabe7a1f461e43bf9006cc017a30cefc
رقم الأكسشن: edsdoj.be7a1f461e43bf9006cc017a30cefc
قاعدة البيانات: Directory of Open Access Journals
الوصف
تدمد:10994300
DOI:10.3390/e22060666