Objectives This study aims to explore the spatial and spatiotemporal distribution of pertussis in Hunan Province, and provide a scientific basis for targeting preventive measures in areas with a high incidence of pertussis.Design In this retrospective spatial and spatiotemporal (ecological) study, the surveillance and population data of Hunan Province from 2009 to 2019 were analysed. The ArcGIS V.10.3 software was used for spatial autocorrelation analysis and visual display, and SaTScan V.9.6 software was used for statistical analysis of spatiotemporal scan data.Settings Confirmed and suspected pertussis cases with current addresses in Hunan Province and onset dates between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2019 were included in the study.Participants The study used aggregated data, including 6796 confirmed and suspected pertussis cases.Results The seasonal peak occurred between March and September, and scattered children were at high risk. The global Moran’s I was between 0.107 and 0.341 (p