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Protection of rabbits and immunodeficient mice against lethal poxvirus infections by human monoclonal antibodies.

التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
العنوان: Protection of rabbits and immunodeficient mice against lethal poxvirus infections by human monoclonal antibodies.
المؤلفون: Lindsay Crickard, Tahar Babas, Sidharth Seth, Peter Silvera, Lilia Koriazova, Shane Crotty
المصدر: PLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 11, p e48706 (2012)
بيانات النشر: Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2012.
سنة النشر: 2012
المجموعة: LCC:Medicine
LCC:Science
مصطلحات موضوعية: Medicine, Science
الوصف: Smallpox (variola virus) is a bioweapon concern. Monkeypox is a growing zoonotic poxvirus threat. These problems have resulted in extensive efforts to develop potential therapeutics that can prevent or treat potentially lethal poxvirus infections in humans. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against smallpox are a conservative approach to this problem, as the licensed human smallpox vaccine (vaccinia virus, VACV) primarily works on the basis of protective antibody responses against smallpox. Fully human mAbs (hmAbs) against vaccinia H3 (H3L) and B5 (B5R), targeting both the mature virion (MV) and extracellular enveloped virion (EV) forms, have been developed as potential therapeutics for use in humans. Post-exposure prophylaxis was assessed in both murine and rabbit animal models. Therapeutic efficacy of the mAbs was assessed in three good laboratory practices (GLP) studies examining severe combined immunodeficiency mice (SCID) given a lethal VACV infection. Pre-exposure combination hmAb therapy provided significantly better protection against disease and death than either single hmAb or vaccinia immune globulin (VIG). Post-exposure combination mAb therapy provided significant protection against disease and death, and appeared to fully cure the VACV infection in ≥50% of SCID mice. Therapeutic efficacy was then assessed in two rabbit studies examining post-exposure hmAb prophylaxis against rabbitpox (RPXV). In the first study, rabbits were infected with RPVX and then provided hmAbs at 48 hrs post-infection, or 1 hr and 72 hrs post-infection. Rabbits in both groups receiving hmAbs were 100% protected from death. In the second rabbitpox study, 100% of animal treated with combination hmAb therapy and 100% of animals treated with anti-B5 hmAb were protected. These findings suggest that combination hmAb treatment may be effective at controlling smallpox disease in immunocompetent or immunodeficient humans.
نوع الوثيقة: article
وصف الملف: electronic resource
اللغة: English
تدمد: 1932-6203
Relation: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23133652/?tool=EBI; https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048706
URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/dfc9291f762349f6927efd0481dfcd83
رقم الأكسشن: edsdoj.fc9291f762349f6927efd0481dfcd83
قاعدة البيانات: Directory of Open Access Journals
الوصف
تدمد:19326203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0048706