تقرير
Global Estimates and Long-Term Trends of Fine Particulate Matter Concentrations (1998-2018)
| العنوان: | Global Estimates and Long-Term Trends of Fine Particulate Matter Concentrations (1998-2018) |
|---|---|
| المؤلفون: | Melanie S. Hammer, Aaron van Donkelaar, Chi Li, Alexei Lyapustin, Andrew M Sayer, N Christina Hsu, Robert C Levy, Michael J Garay, Olga V. Kalashnikova, Ralph A Kahn, Michael Brauer, Joshua S. Apte, Daven K Henze, Li Zhang, Qiang Zhang, Bonne Ford, Jeffrey R. Pierce, Randall V Martin |
| المصدر: | Environmental Science and Technology. 54(13) |
| بيانات النشر: | United States: NASA Center for Aerospace Information (CASI), 2020. |
| سنة النشر: | 2020 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Geosciences (General) |
| الوصف: | Exposure to outdoor fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a leading risk factor for mortality. We develop global estimates of annual PM2.5 concentrations and trends for 1998–2018 using advances in satellite observations, chemical transport modeling, and ground-based monitoring. Aerosol optical depths (AODs) from advanced satellite products including finer resolution, increased global coverage, and improved long-term stability are combined and related to surface PM2.5 concentrations using geophysical relationships between surface PM2.5 and AOD simulated by the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model with updated algorithms. The resultant annual mean geophysical PM2.5 estimates are highly consistent with globally distributed ground monitors (R2 = 0.81; slope = 0.90). Geographically weighted regression is applied to the geophysical PM2.5 estimates to predict and account for the residual bias with PM2.5 monitors, yielding even higher cross validated agreement (R2 = 0.90–0.92; slope = 0.90–0.97) with ground monitors and improved agreement compared to all earlier global estimates. The consistent long-term satellite AOD and simulation enable trend assessment over a 21 year period, identifying significant trends for eastern North America (−0.28 ± 0.03 μg/m3/yr), Europe (−0.15 ± 0.03 μg/m3/yr), India (1.13 ± 0.15 μg/m3/yr), and globally (0.04 ± 0.02 μg/m3/yr). The positive trend (2.44 ± 0.44 μg/m3/yr) for India over 2005–2013 and the negative trend (−3.37 ± 0.38 μg/m3/yr) for China over 2011–2018 are remarkable, with implications for the health of billions of people. |
| نوع الوثيقة: | Report |
| اللغة: | English |
| تدمد: | 1520-5851 0013-936X |
| DOI: | 10.1021/acs.est.0c01764 |
| URL الوصول: | https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/20205003714 |
| ملاحظات: | 437949 |
| رقم الأكسشن: | edsnas.20205003714 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | NASA Technical Reports |
Find this issue from the American Chemical Society | تدمد: | 15205851 0013936X |
|---|---|
| DOI: | 10.1021/acs.est.0c01764 |