Penicillinchock på häst

التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
العنوان:	Penicillinchock på häst
عناروين إضافية:	Adverse effects of penicillin G in horses
بيانات النشر:	SLU/Dept. of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health 2017
تفاصيل مُضافة:	Vanler, Linnea
نوع الوثيقة:	Electronic Resource
مستخلص:	Syftet med litteraturstudien är att belysa biverkningen penicillinchock genom att studera mekanismer som ligger bakom de negativa biverkningarna, redogöra för riskfaktorer och hur ofta penicillinchock förekommer. Bensylpenicillin är den mest använda antibiotikan i Sverige vid bakteriella infektioner hos häst. Det är förstahandsvalet vid många infektioner då det är ett antibiotikum med smalt spektrum och dessutom är resistensläget bra i Sverige. Bensylpenicillin är inte är lämpligt att administrera per os, då det inaktiveras i magsäckens sura pH och kan ge påverkan på normalfloran i tarmen. Bensylpenicillin administreras därför intravenöst i form av lättlösligt natrium eller kaliumsalt eller intramuskulärt i form av svårlösligt prokainsalt, där prokainet ger en depåeffekt och smärtlindring på injektionsplatsen. I Sverige finns bensylpenicillinnatrium (pc-Na) och bensylpenicillinprokain (pc-prokain) godkänt till häst. Pc-Na ges främst på djursjukhus av djurhälsopersonal då djurägare inte bör ge intravenösa injektioner. För djurägare som själv ska behandla hästen är pc-prokain för intramuskulär injektion det alternativ som finns tillgängligt. Vid behandling med dessa beredningsformer kan negativa biverkningar uppstå och den mest fruktade biverkningen är penicillinchock. Penicillinchock är ett samlingsnamn för biverkningar som kan drabba hästar vid behandling med bensylpenicillin. Symptomen varierar från mild oro, hudreaktioner, CNS-relaterade symptom, anafylaxi och död. Den vanligaste orsaken till penicillinchock är troligtvis prokaintoxicitet. Det kan uppstå då prokain når cirkulationen för snabbt och esterasernas hydrolyserande kapacitet överskrids. Prokain har en direkt verkan på CNS och kan ge symptom som beteendeförändringar, rörelsestörningar och kramper. En annan orsak till penicillinchock kan vara en allergisk reaktion mot själva penicillinet. Penicillinet kan bilda ett haptencarrierkomplex med plasmaproteiner som orsakar immunologisk respons. Symptom som kan u The purpose of this study is to highlight adverse effects of penicillin G, by studying the mechanisms that underlie the adverse effects, explain the risk factors and how often adverse effects occurs. Penicillin G is the most frequently used antibiotics in equine therapy in Sweden. It is first choice in many bacterial infections because of its wide safety margin and compared to other antibiotics it causes limited development of resistant bacteria. Penicillin G is parenterally administrated because of it unstable structure in the acidic pH in the stomach and due to its potential effects on the normal flora of the intestine. Penicillin G is administrated intravenously as highly watersoluble sodium or potassium salts or intramuscularly as low-soluble procaine salt. Thus, procaine provides a depot effect and it also has a local anaesthetic effect at the injection site. The two dosage forms available in Sweden are penicillin G sodium and procaine. The preparation prescribed to most horse owners is penicillin G procaine, whereas penicillin G sodium is used by personnel in animal health. Adverse effects during treatment with these preparations sometimes occur and is a fear for horse owners. Adverse reactions from penicillin G vary from mild anxiety, skin reactions, CNS-related symptoms to anaphylaxis and death. The most common cause of the adverse effects is most likely procaine toxicity. Procaine is hydrolysed by esterases in plasma to non-toxic metabolites. Procaine toxicity can occur if high amounts of procaine enter the circulation rapidly and the hydrolysing capacity of the esterases exceeds. Procaine affect the central nervous system and can cause symptoms as locomotor and behavioural changes, muscle tremors and seizures. Another cause to adverse effects during penicillin G treatment is due to hypersensitivity reactions. Penicillin, or its metabolites, can form hapten carrier conjugates with plasma proteins, which participate in allergic reactions. Symptoms that may o
مصطلحات الفهرس:	penicillinchock, bensylpenicillin, prokain, M2
URL:	https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/10495/
الإتاحة:	Open access content. Open access content
ملاحظة:	Swedish English
أرقام أخرى:	SESVR oai:stud.epsilon.slu.se:10495 1121569316
المصدر المساهم:	SVERIGES LANTBRUKSUNIVERSITET, SLU From OAIster®, provided by the OCLC Cooperative.
رقم الأكسشن:	edsoai.on1121569316
قاعدة البيانات:	OAIster

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