مورد إلكتروني
UTJECAJ SANKCIJA VIJEĆA SIGURNOSTI UN-A NA ZAŠTITU TEMELJNIH LJUDSKIH PRAVA
| العنوان: | UTJECAJ SANKCIJA VIJEĆA SIGURNOSTI UN-A NA ZAŠTITU TEMELJNIH LJUDSKIH PRAVA |
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| عناروين إضافية: | THE IMPACT OF THE UN SECURITY COUNCIL’S RESOLUTIONS ON THE PROTECTION OF FUNDAMENTAL HUMAN RIGHTS EINFLUSS VON SANKTIONEN DES UNSICHERHEITSRATES AUF SCHUTZ FUNDAMENTALER MENSCHENRECHTE L’IMPATTO DELLE SANZIONI DEL CONSIGLIO DI SICUREZZA DELL’ONU SULLA TUTELA DEI DIRITTI FONDAMENTALI DELL’UOMO |
| المصدر: | Zbornik Pravnog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Rijeci; ISSN 1330-349X (Print); ISSN 1846-8314 (Online); Volume 40; Issue 2 |
| بيانات النشر: | Faculty of Law University of Rijeka 2019 |
| تفاصيل مُضافة: | Rutvica Rusan Novokmet |
| نوع الوثيقة: | Electronic Resource |
| مستخلص: | Zaokret u primjeni sankcija Vijeća sigurnosti od općih, usmjerenih protiv država, prema ciljanim (pametnim) sankcijama usmjerenima izravno i isključivo protiv pojedinaca koje se dovodi u vezu s terorizmom, osim pozitivnih izazvao je i određene negativne učinke koji su doveli u pitanje zakonitost i pravednost ciljanih sankcija. Zbog nepostojanja odgovarajućega kontrolnog mehanizma u sustavu Ujedinjenih naroda koji bi pojedincima pogođenim sankcijama omogućio barem kvazisudsku kontrolu odluka Sankcijskog odbora o uvrštavanju njihova imena na, tzv. sankcijsku listu, u praksi je došlo do kršenja njihovih ljudskih prava, poput prava na pristup sudu, prava na pravično suđenje, prava na učinkovit pravni lijek. Autorica u radu analizira sankcijski režim Vijeća sigurnosti u borbi protiv terorizma koji je uveden Rezolucijom 1267 (1999); zatim se kroz relevantnu sudsku praksu prikazuju konkretne povrede ljudskih prava do kojih u praksi dolazi u provedbi sankcija Vijeća sigurnosti; analizira se uvođenje instituta Ombudsmana te se ocjenjuje uspješnost reformi u sankcijskom režimu kao iskoraka prema transparentnijoj i učinkovitijoj borbi protiv terorizma. The turn in the implementation of the Security Council’s resolutions from general ones, directed against States, towards targeted (smart) sanctions directed exclusively against individuals linked with terrorism, has produced both positive as well as negative effects which have called in question the legality and justness of targeted sanctions. Due to the lack of an adequate control mechanism in the United Nations system, which would enable the individuals affected by sanctions at least a quasi-judicial review of the decisions adopted by the Sanctions Committee regarding their names being listed on the so called sanctions list, in reality those individuals are faced with violations of their fundamental human rights (e.g. the right to access to court, the right to a fair trial, the right to an effective remedy). The subject of this paper is the analysis of the Security Council’s sanction regime in the fight against terrorism which was introduced in resolution 1267 (1999). The author further analyzes international jurisprudence concerned with the mentioned violations of human rights in the implementation of the sanctions of the Security Council. Special emphasis is placed on the institution of Ombudsperson and its implications on the sanctions regime. The author concludes with the assessment of the efficacy of the reforms introduced in the sanctions regime as a step forward to the more transparent and effective fight against terrorism. Der Wendepunkt bei der Anwendung von Sanktionen des UN-Sicherheitsrates von an den Staat gerichteten allgemeinen Sanktionen zu den gezielten (klugen) Sanktionen, die direkt und ausschließlich an einzelne mit Terrorismus verbundenen Personen gerichtet sind, hat außer positiven auch negative Auswirkungen verursacht, welche die Gesetzmäßigkeit und Gerechtigkeit von gezielten Sanktionen in Frage stellten. Wegen des Nichtvorhandenseins des entsprechenden Kontrollmechanismus im System der Vereinten Nationen, der den von Sanktionen betroffenen Personen wenigstens eine quasi-gerichtliche Kontrolle der Entscheidungen des Sanktionsausschusses über die Setzung ihrer Namen auf die sog. Sanktionsliste bieten würde, ist es in der Praxis zur Verletzung ihrer Menschenrechte, wie des Rechtes zum Gerichtszugang, Rechtes auf ein faires Verfahren und Rechtes auf wirkungsvolle Rechtsmittel, gekommen. In diesem Beitrag wird das Sanktionsregime des Sicherheitsrates im Kampf gegen Terrorismus, das durch Resolution 1267 (1999) eingeführt wurde, analysiert. Anschließend stellt man durch die relevante Rechtsprechung konkrete Verletzungen von Menschenrechten dar, zu denen es in der Praxis bei der Implementierung von Sanktionen des UN-Sicherheitsrates kommt. Ebenfalls wird die Einführung des Rechtsinstituts des Ombudsmannes analysiert und der Erfolg von Reformen des Sanktionsregimes als Fortschritt auf dem Wege zu transparenter und wirkungsvollerem Kampf gegen Terrorismus bewertet. Il rovesciamento nell’applicazione delle sanzioni del Consiglio di sicurezza da un approccio volto a comminare sanzioni generali, rivolte cioè contro gli stati, verso, invece, sanzioni mirate (intelligenti) indirizzate direttamente ed esclusivamente contro i singoli che vengono collegati al terrorismo, ha comportato oltre ad effetti positivi anche certune conseguenze negative che hanno condotto ad interrogarsi circa la legittimità e la giuridicità di tali sanzioni mirate. A causa dell’assenza di meccanismi di controllo nel sistema delle Nazioni Unite, il quale permetterebbe ai singoli sanzionati perlomeno un controllo quasi-giudiziale delle decisioni del Comitato per le sanzioni circa l’inserimento dei loro nomi nel c.d. elenco delle sanzioni, nella prassi s’è giunti alla violazione dei loro diritti umani quali il diritto all’accesso alla giustizia, il diritto ad un giusto processo ed il diritto all’appello. Nel lavoro l’autrice analizza il regime sanzionatorio del Consiglio di sicurezza nella lotta contro il terrorismo introdotto con la risoluzione 1267 (del 1999). Successivamente, mediante la prassi giurisprudenziale si illustrano casi concreti di violazione dei diritti umani in conseguenza dell’applicazione delle sanzioni del Consiglio di sicurezza. Si analizza inoltre l’introduzione dell’Ombudsman e si valuta la bontà della riforma del regime sanzionatorio quale espressione di un passo avanti verso una lotta al terrorismo più trasparente ed efficace. |
| مصطلحات الفهرس: | ciljane (pametne) sankcije Vijeća sigurnosti; sankcijski režim; Sankcijski odbor; zaštita ljudskih prava; Ombudsman, targeted (smart) sanctions of the Security Council; sanctions regime; the Sanctions Committee; protection of human rights; Ombudsperson, gezielte (kluge) Sanktionen des Sicherheitsrates; Sanktionsregime; Sanktionsausschuss; Schutz der Menschenrechte; Ombudsmann, sanzioni mirate (intelligenti) del Consiglio di sicurezza; regime sanzionatorio; Comitato per le sanzioni; tutela dei diritti umani; Ombudsman, text, info:eu-repo/semantics/article, info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
| URL: | info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.30925/zpfsr.40.2.1 |
| الإتاحة: | Open access content. Open access content info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Collected Papers of the Law Faculty of the University of Rijeka is an Open Access journal and it is licensed under CC BY-NC licence. Journal does not charge article processing charges (APC) to authors. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, redistribute, print, search and link to material, and alter, transform, or build upon the material, or use them for any other lawful purpose as long as they attribute the source in an appropriate manner according to the CC BY licence. The papers published in Collected Papers of the Law Faculty of the University of Rijeka can be deposited and self-archived in the institutional and thematic repositories providing the link to the journal's web pages and HRČAK. Journal does not charge article processing charges (APC). Self-archiving policy is indexed at Sherpa/RoMEO where is visible that journal is following green level of self-archiving (it is allowed to deposit pre-print, post-print and publisher's version of the paper). |
| ملاحظة: | application/pdf Croatian |
| أرقام أخرى: | HRCAK oai:hrcak.srce.hr:224475 1363287861 |
| المصدر المساهم: | HRCAK PORTAL ZNANSTVENIH CASOPISA REPUB From OAIster®, provided by the OCLC Cooperative. |
| رقم الأكسشن: | edsoai.on1363287861 |
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