مورد إلكتروني
Kardiovaskularno zdravlje u menopauzi
| العنوان: | Kardiovaskularno zdravlje u menopauzi |
|---|---|
| عناروين إضافية: | Cardiovascular health in menopause |
| المصدر: | Liječnički vjesnik; ISSN 0024-3477 (Print); ISSN 1849-2177 (Online); Volume 144; Issue 11-12 |
| بيانات النشر: | Croatian medical association 2022 |
| تفاصيل مُضافة: | Jandrić, Ivan Šprem Goldštajn, Marina Orešković, Slavko Bolanča, Ivan Grizelj, Boris Mikuš, Mislav |
| نوع الوثيقة: | Electronic Resource |
| مستخلص: | SAŽETAK Bolesti srca i krvožilnog sustava najučestaliji su uzrok smrtnosti u Europi. Prema najnovijim podatcima, čak 10% više smrtnosti od kardiovaskularnih bolesti zastupljeno je kod žena u odnosu na muškarce, što znači da u Europi zbog kardiovaskularnih razloga godišnje umire 300.000 žena više nego muškaraca. U većini istraživanja menopauza je istaknuta kao primarni čimbenik koji doprinosi povećanju kardiovaskularnog rizika u žena, usprkos metodološkim ograničenjima u obliku razdvajanja kronološkog starenja i menopauze. Proaterogene promjene u lipidogramu tijekom menopauzalne tranzicije smatraju se najsnažnijom poveznicom između nastupa menopauze i porasta kardiovaskularnog rizika. Kohortne studije nisu našle uzročnu povezanost nastupa menopauze s promjenama krvnog tlaka te homeostazom glukoze i inzulina, odnosno s rizikom razvoja šećerne bolesti. Uloga estrogena u očuvanju kardiovaskularnog zdravlja, uza sve gore opisane izravne učinke na srce i krvne žile, uključuje mehanizme kojima se regulira profil lipida, inzulinska osjetljivost te monocitno-makrofagni sustav, a čiji ispadi funkcije doprinose multifaktorijalnom procesu ateroskleroze koji u znatnoj mjeri modulira kardiovaskularni rizik. Sinteza brojnih istraživanja o molekularnim mehanizmima ističe da je estrogenska protekcija krvožilja i srca posljedica neposrednog učinka estrogena na vazodilataciju, angiogenezu, unaprjeđenje mitohondrijalne funkcije i sniženje razine oksidativnog stresa te supresiju fibroze. Promatrajući sve znanstvene spoznaje o utjecajima hormonskog nadomjesnog liječenja na profil kardiovaskularnog rizika, bitno je znati da je razvoj HNL-a bitno proširio mogućnost optimizacije i individualizacije terapije, a time su dodatno reducirani potencijalni rizici. Uz transdermalni put primjene, terapijske režime s niskim i ultraniskim dozama hormona te primjenu prirodnoga mikroniziranog progesterona i didrogesterona, kardiovaskularno zdravlje žena u menopauzi može biti značajno unaprijeđeno. Cardiovascular diseases are the most common cause of death in Europe. They are the cause of 40% of deaths in the male population and 49% of deaths in women, which means that 300,000 more women than men die of cardiovascular causes in Europe each year. Most studies have identified menopause as the major contributor to increased cardiovascular risk in women, although it has been methodologically difficult to separate chronological aging from menopause. Pro-atherogenic changes in lipidogram during transition to menopause may be considered the strongest link between the onset of menopause and the increase in cardiovascular risk. As with blood pressure changes, cohort studies have not found a causal relationship between the onset of menopause and glucose and insulin homeostasis or the risk of developing diabetes. The role of estrogen in maintaining cardiovascular health includes, in addition to all direct cardiovascular effects described above, estrogenic mechanisms that regulate lipid profile, insulin sensitivity, and monocyte-macrophage system, the bursts of which contribute to the multifactorial process of atherosclerosis which considerably modulates cardiovascular risk. Synthesis of numerous studies on molecular mechanisms leads to the conclusion that estrogenic protection of blood vessels and the heart is due to the direct action of estrogen on vasodilation, angiogenesis, improvement of mitochondrial function and reduction of oxidative stress, and suppression of fibrosis. It is important to note that the development of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has greatly increased the ability to optimize and individualize therapy, further reducing potential risks. With the transdermal route of administration, low- and ultralow-dose therapeutic regimens, and the use of natural micronized progesterone and dydrogesterone, cardiovascular health in menopausal women can be significantly improved. |
| مصطلحات الفهرس: | Deskriptori KARDIOVASKULARNE BOLESTI – epidemiologija, patofiziologija, prevencija; MENOPAUZA – fiziologija, metabolizam; ATEROSKLEROZA – patofiziologija; ESTROGENI – fiziologija, metabolizam; LIPOPROTEINI VISOKE GUSTOĆE – u krvi; VAZOMOTORIČKI SUSTAV; HORMONSKO NADOMJESNO LIJEČENJE – metode; ESTROGENSKO NADOMJESNO LIJEČENJE; RIZIČNI ČIMBENICI, CARIOVASCULAR DISEASES – epidemology, physiopathology, prevention and control; MENOPAUSE – metabolism, physiology; ATHEROSCLEROSIS – physiopathology; ESTROGENS – metabolism, physiology; LIPOPROTEINS, HDL – blood; VASOMOTOR SYSTEM; HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY – methods; ESTROGEN REPLACEMENT THERAPY; RISK FACTORS, text, info:eu-repo/semantics/article, info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
| URL: | info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.26800/LV-144-11-12-7 |
| الإتاحة: | Open access content. Open access content info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess The Medical Journal is an open access journal. The content of the magazine is available in its entirety free of charge. The contents of the Medical Journal may be reproduced with the quotation "taken from the Medical Journal". Users may not use the materials for commercial purposes, may not modify, redesign or rework the material. |
| ملاحظة: | application/pdf Croatian |
| أرقام أخرى: | HRCAK oai:hrcak.srce.hr:289182 1371048967 |
| المصدر المساهم: | HRCAK PORTAL ZNANSTVENIH CASOPISA REPUB From OAIster®, provided by the OCLC Cooperative. |
| رقم الأكسشن: | edsoai.on1371048967 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OAIster |
| الوصف غير متاح. |