| مستخلص: |
This paper traces the involvement of the federal government (through subsidy, regulation, judicial, and administrative agency activity) in the education of students with disabilities at the elementary, secondary, and higher education levels. Government involvement through subsidy in the 19th century was usually in the form of establishing special schools, including what is now Gallaudet University for students with hearing impairments. Higher education opportunities offered to students with disabilities were again expanded as a result of the G.I. Bill of Rights following World War II. Government involvement through regulation has included the Education for All Handicapped Children Act, Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, and the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990. Finally, government involvement through the judicial branch has affected postsecondary education of students with disabilities in such cases as Brown versus Board of Education of Topeka and a number of cases concerning Section 504. Issues addressed by some of these cases include: (1) faculty academic freedom versus the student's right to appropriate accommodation, (2) course examinations, (3) provision of deaf interpreting services, and (4) the extent of accommodations required. Finally, government involvement through administrative agencies has included actions of the Department of Education Office of Civil Rights. (Contains 42 references.) (DB) |
